AC2.2- Aims of Punishment Flashcards
Revision
What is Retribution?
It is where the punishment given should reflect the crime committed, Just Deserts (deserved).
2 Examples of retribution:
Murder- Life sentence
Theft- Fine or community service
What is Rehabilitation?
It is when they make offenders a better person and help them fit back into society after being released.
2 Examples of Rehabilitation:
Education and training- helps avoid unemployment and gives younger offenders an education.
Anger management- ART and CBT help with aggressive offenders.
What is Deterrence?
The aim of putting offenders off from reoffending again.
2 Examples of Deterrence:
-Individual deterrence, stop people from committing further crime
-General Deterrence, stop others from committing similar crimes to offenders
What is Reparation?
The act of the offender making amends for the wrong they have done-compensation. This can be to the victim, community or society.
2 Examples of Reparation:
-Material reparation, unpaid work and financial compensation
-Social Reparation, restorative justice between victim and offender
What is Public Protection?
Incapacitation is used to protect the public from harm by removing the offender’s physical ability to offend again.
2 Examples of Public Protection:
Imprisonment, ensures public that they can’t commit any further crimes
Three Strikes and your out, repeat longer sentences if on 3rd offence- can be minor
2 Criticisms of Retribution :
Tariff System is unfair, first time offenders get the same punishment and sentence as a reoffending prisoner
Can society agree on a suitable punishment? Interpretation
2 Criticisms of Rehabilitation:
Right Realists, Criminals chose to behave this way as they chose to commit the crime/s-rational choice theory
Marxists, Capitalism causes crime and rehab puts the blame on offenders rather than capitalist society
2 Criticisms of Deterrence:
Recidivism rates are still high, people learn more about crime and how to get away with it in prison-school of crime
Hard to decide on severity of punishment, how server so they have to be to fully deter an offender
2 Criticisms of Reparation:
Can’t be effectively used for all types of crime, sexual and violent crimes
Aim of punishment is seen as too soft compared to other aims
2 Criticisms of Public Protection:
Offenders are given longer sentences with little of being released, expenditure and population of prison increases
Does nothing to deal with the cause of the crime, similar to retribution
