AC2.2

Question 1

Retribution - Punish/Discipline

Answer 1

• Offenders deserve punishment
• element of revenge (eye for an eye)
• Provides justice
• not seeking to alter future behaviour merely to inflict punishment
• “Just deserts” fairness and proportionality
• Supported by Sentencing Council

Question 2

Retribution Criticisms

Answer 2

• Offenders deserve forgiveness
• Focusses on the past to determine the present
• Punishment may seem inappropriate (remorseful offender)
• How do we decide what a proportionate penalty is?

Question 3

Rehabilitation- Reform/Change

Answer 3

• Reducing future offending by changing outlook of offenders
• Based on support rather than punishment

Question 4

Rehabilitation Criticisms

Answer 4

• Right realists - too lenient on the offender
• Recidivism rates are still high (around 70%)
• Offenders need to genuinely want to change
• Marxists - shifts blame of offending on to the offender rather than issues in society