AC1.1

Question 1

First Reading

Answer 1

• The name of the bill is read out
• There is no discussion or vote on the bill

Question 2

Second Reading

Answer 2

• MPs debate the principles behind the bill
• Verbal vote of either “aye” or “no”

Question 3

Committee Stage

Answer 3

• Between 15 and 50 MPs form a committee
• MPs will usually have specialist knowledge on the bills topic
• Propose amendments to the bill

Question 4

Report Stage

Answer 4

• Changes/Amendments suggested by the committee are reported back to the HOC

Question 5

Third Reading

Answer 5

• Final vote on the bill
• Often referred as a formality

Question 6

House of Lords

Answer 6

• Same process is followed in the HOL
• If the HOL makes any amendments then the bill will go back to the HOC to be considered

Question 7

Ping Pong

Answer 7

• When the bill is repeatedly passed from HOC to HOL
• as HOC is democratic ultimate power is granted

Question 8

Royal Assent

Answer 8

• Monarch gives their approval of the bill
• Only a formality

Question 9

6 Advantages of Parliamentary Law Making

Answer 9

• Democratic
• Reform whole areas of law - quick process
• Can set broad agendas and delegate details - Acts of Parliament can give powers to make regulations
• Pre-Legislative consultation - Government takes in consideration objections
• Lengthy and thorough process
• Law cannot be challenged (Parliamentary Sovereignty)

Question 10

4 Disadvantages of Parliamentary Law Making

Answer 10

• Time
• Private members’ bills - government will vote down to ensure they don’t become enacted
• Long and Complex
• Amendment Acts make laws complex

Question 11

Order of the Parliamentary Law Making process

Answer 11

• First Reading
• Second Reading
• Committee Stage
• Report Stage
• Third Reading
• Repeat in HOL
• Royal Assent

Question 12

Judicial Precedent

Answer 12

• Judges make decisions on case in court, these decisions influence future cases and creates common/case law
• Higher Courts’ judgements are followed in lower courts

Question 13

Donoghue V Stevenson Outcome

Answer 13

Duty of Care for the law of negligence

Question 14

Court Heirarchy

Answer 14

1st tier - Supreme Court
2nd tier - Court of Appeal
3rd tier - High Court and Crown Court
4th tier - County Court, Family Court and Magistrates Court

Question 15

3 Examples of Statutory Interpretation

Answer 15

• Literal Rule
• Golden Rule
• Mischief Rule

Question 16

Literal Rule

Answer 16

Words in a statute are given their ordinary and natural meaning

Question 17

Golden Rule

Answer 17

• Prevents inconsistency and absurdity
• Judge can modify the literal meaning to avoid an unjust/absurd judgement

Question 18

Mischief Rule

Answer 18

• Applied when there is ambiguity
• ability to deal with unforeseen loopholes and still honour parliaments intentions