ac2.1 unit 4 Flashcards
What is social control
Social control is where organisations or bodies of people put into place rules for people to follow. Control is a way of conforming to society. There is formal and informal social control and sanctions can be either positive of negative
examples of formal social control
found in certain societal institutions where the primary goal is to ensure deviance s not permitted, for example prison officers, the police and the army
examples of informal social control
reactions of individuals and groups that bring about conformity to norms and laws, includes peer and community pressure, bystander intervention in a crime, and collective responses such as citizen patrol groups.
Freuds theory of the mind
freud believed that the mind is responsible for both conscious and unconscious decisions that it makes on the basis of psychological drives. the id, ego, and the superego are the three aspects of the mind freud believed to compromise a person’s personality.
features of the id
the id is driven by the pleasure principle, which strives for immediate gratification of all desires wants, and needs. if these are not satisfied immediately, the result is a state of anxiety or tension. a person with an overactive id is more likely to be criminal, because of impuslive and uncontrollable desires.
features of the ego
the ego is tasked with balancing reality with the demands of desire and morality (reality principle).
features of the superego
the superego tries to perfect and civilize out behaviour. it suppresses all the ids unacceptable urges and struggles to make the ego act upon idealistic standards rather than on realistic principles. the superego is present in the conscious, preconscious and unconscious. it operates on the morality principle.
norms
are expected behaviours within a society/ social situation. they are a social construction which means they are influenced by different social factors.
values
values are what people in society believe to be worth while. children should be protected. hard work should be rewarded. education is the route to success.
traditions and culture
becomes part of u through socialisation. we accept its values, norms, and traditions as part of our identity. believers follow religious traditions that they have been raised in such as fasting or ramadan
agencies of socialisation
family, education, work, religion, media, peers. agencies are the institutions and people that influence and pass on norms and values of society these agencies are a method of social control impacting our behaviour. all agencies try to make people conform to behaviour.
the criminal justice system
the CJS contains agencies of formal social control, and they each of power to use formal legal sanctions against individuals in an attempt to make them conform to society’s rules.
CJS-judges and magistrates as a form of social control
role of the judiciary is to deal with alleged offenders. they have power to bail accused or remand them in custody and sentence guilty for a variety of punishments.
CJS- police as social control
agency of formal social control to maintain order, enforce the law, investigate crime and apprehend offenders, power to stop and search and arrest/ detain/ question suspects.
CJS- prison service as a form of social control
as a part of the penal system is to confine prisoners. prison is an agency of social control, punishes convicted law breakers and deters them and others from committing another crime.
