AC1.2 Explain The Social Construction Of Criminality Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of social construction

A

When an act becomes criminal or decriminalised due to labels from from society

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2
Q

Definition of cross-cultural deviance

A

Different groups in society have diverse beliefs, traditions and religions which influence their behaviour and attitudes towards what is considered criminal

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3
Q

Cross-cultural deviance - polygamy

A

The practice of having multiple husbands or wives at one time
- Polygany - one man married to several women
- Polyandry - one woman married to multiple men

  • polygany is legal in 58 countries (mostly Muslim)
  • polygamy illegal in most countries
  • religion - Qur’ran allows Muslim men to have 4 wives
  • tradition - Practices in some African countries, so men have more children
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4
Q

Cross-cultural deviance - homosexuality

A

Sexual attraction between members of the same sex

  • legal in UK, USA, countries across Europe and South America
  • illegal in 72 countries, death penalty in some middle Eastern (Saudi Arabia)
  • religion - cultures with less religious influence on social norms are more accepting
  • public opinion - 95% of people in Egypt are against homosexuality
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5
Q

Definition of historical deviance

A

How acts change over time - decriminalised (e.g cannabis) or goes from deviant to crime (e.g revenge porn)

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6
Q

Historical deviance - R V Ahluwalia case

A
  • Mrs Ahluwalia was abused for 12 years
  • guilty of murder of husband
  • Southall black sisters (campaign organisation against domestic abuse) brought an appeal
  • judge created new defence ‘battered woman syndrome’
  • convicted of manslaughter and released from prison
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7
Q

Historical deviance - homosexuality

A
  • laws have changed greatly since 1967
  • 2000 age of consent became equal to heterosexuality
  • 2013 marriage act - gay marriage legalised in UK
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