AC1.1 - Criminal & Deviance Flashcards
CRIMINAL & Deviance
Explain the types of sanctions
FORMAL = form of social control that is official enforced by government agencies
COURT SANCTIONS:
Custodial sentences (prison)
Community services (hours of work)
Fines (court issued fines)
INFORMAL = form of social control from non officials
NON-COURT SANCTIONS:
Cautions (first time offenders)
Conditional cautions (rules you have to stick to)
Penalty notices (fines, etc)
CRIMINAL & Deviance
Explain the 11 legal defences
Infancy
Insanity
Intoxication
Self Defence
Automatism
Duress
Consent
Diminished Responsibility
Loss of control
Lawful excuse
Necessity
CRIMINAL & Deviance
Explain how legal defences may effect actus reus & mens rea
Actus reus & mens rea may be present but may not be guilty if they have a legal defence (Everyone has a right to a defence)
CRIMINAL & Deviance
Explain what a crime must have to secure a conviction
Actus Reus - Guilty act
Mens rea - Guilty mind
CRIMINAL & Deviance
Explain what a strict liability offence is
Crimes that dont require mens rea
(Designed to protect the public)
e.g: statutory rape
CRIMINAL & Deviance
Explain the legal definition of crime
An act which breaks the law of the land and of which you are punished by the legal system
CRIMINAL & Deviance
Explain what a crime can be depending on the consequences
Indictable - Serious offences (tried in crown court)
Non-indictable - less serious [speeding] )(doesn’t carry prison sentences]
CRIMINAL & Deviance
Explain the types of criminal acts
Fatal offences against the person
non fatal offences against the person
offences against poverty
sexual offences
public order offences
road traffic offences
drug offences
CRIMINAL & Deviance
Explain the social definition of criminal behaviour
A society or community has said that an act is a crime so it becomes one (Crime is influenced by time, place and culture)
CRIMINAL & Deviance
Explain how the social definition is different to the legal one
- not all acts that people think to be crimes have laws in place for them
- laws are changed to reflect public opinion
Criminal & DEVIANCE
Explain what the unwritten rules of acceptance behaviour used in society
LAWS - written rules enforced by social or government institutions to regulate behaviour
NORMS - Unwritten rules to guide behaviour
VALUES - Shared by most people in a given culture (general guidelines to follow)
MORAL CODES - good ways of behaving -> the difference between right and wrong
Criminal & DEVIANCE
Explain the definition of deviance
behaviour that goes against social norms of a specific group or society -> causes some kind of reaction -> can be seen on a scale (Admired, odd, bad behaviour)
Criminal & DEVIANCE
Explain how we treat deviants
INFORMAL SACTIONS:
Frowning upon behaviour
name calling
ignoring behaviour
FORMAL SANCTIONS:
Fines
Cautions
Prisons sentences
POSITIVE SANCTIONS:
Rewards for bravery (Admired deviance)
Criminal & DEVIANCE
Explain the forms of deviance
Admired behaviour - considered good while breaking social norms
(E.G: Running into a burning building)
Odd behaviour - ‘‘odd’’ or ‘‘different’’ to normal behaviour
(E.G: Keeping 50 cats)
Bad behaviour - Criminal behaviour, against social norms and the law
(E.G: murder, rape, etc)
Some acts may be criminal but not deviant
(E.G: Downloading illegal music)
