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2ND SEMESTER_PRELIM > AC WEIGHT AND BALANCE > Flashcards

AC WEIGHT AND BALANCE Flashcards

1
Q

One of the determining factors in the ability of an aircraft to fly

A

WEIGHT

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2
Q

Resulted in failure and often catastrophic events leading to death

A

BALANCE

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3
Q

Early aircraft quickly adapted to the use of such materials

A
  1. WOOD
  2. DOPE
  3. FABRIC
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4
Q

Responsibility for proper weight and balance control begins

A
  1. MANUFACTURER
  2. AIRCRAFT OPERATOR
  3. FAA-CERTIFICATED MECHANIC
  4. PILOT IN COMMAND (PIC)
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5
Q

Who maintains the aircraft keeps the weight and balance records current, recording any changes that have been made because of repairs or alterations

A

FAA-CERTIFICATED MECHANIC

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6
Q

Know the maximum allowable weight of the aircraft and its CG limit

A

PILOT IN COMMAND (PIC)

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7
Q

Types of Aircraft have Different Load Requirements

A

1.TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT
2.MILITARY AIRCRAFT
3.TRAINERS AND PRIVATE AIRCRAFT
4.CORPORATE AIRCRAFT
5.AGRICULTURAL AIRCRAFT

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8
Q

Must carry huge loads of passengers and cargo for long distances at high altitudes and speeds.

A

TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT

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9
Q

Must be highly maneuverable and extremely sturdy

A

MILITARY AIRCRAFT

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10
Q

Must be lightweight, low cost, simple, and safe to operate

A

TRAINERS AND PRIVATE AIRCRAFT

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11
Q

Must carry a reasonable load at a high speed for long distances

A

CORPORATE AIRCRAFT

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12
Q

Usually aerial application of pesticides (crop dusting) or fertilizer (aerial topdressing); in these roles they are referred to as “crop dusters” or “top dressers”

A

AGRICULTURAL AIRCRAFT

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13
Q

TWO COMMON CHARACTERISTICS

A
  1. SENSITIVE TO WEIGHT
  2. CENTER OF GRAVITY MAINTAINED WITHIN A SPECIFIED RANGE
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14
Q

PURPOSE OF WEIGHT AND BALANCE CONTROL

A
  1. SAFETY
  2. EFFICIENCY
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15
Q

The load imposed on an aircraft structure due to the weight of the aircraft and its contents

A

STATIC LOADS

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16
Q

The actual weight of the aircraft multiplied by the load factor, or the increase in weight caused by acceleration

A

DYNAMIC LOADS

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17
Q

MOST CRUCIAL STEP in a weight and balance calculation because all of the loading of the aircraft that is done is base on these figures

A

WEIGHING THE AIRCRAFT

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18
Q

The tendency for aircraft to become heavier as they become older.

A

WEIGHING THE AIRCRAFT

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19
Q

EFFECTS OF OVERLOADED AIRCRAFT

A

1.MORE RUNWAY WILL BE NEEDED
2.A LOWER CLIMB ANGLE AND HIGHER SPEED WILL BE NEEDED
3.STRUCTURAL SAFETY FACTORS ARE REDUCED
4.STALLING SPEEDS ARE INCREASED
5.MORE ENGINE POWER IS REQUIRED

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20
Q

EFFECTS OF AIRCRAFT WITH TOO MUCH WEIGHT FORWARD (NOSE HEAVY)

A

1.Tendency to dive forward
2.Stability decreased
3.Adverse spin characteristic
4.More engine power required

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21
Q

EFFECTS OF AIRCRAFT WITH TOO MUCH WEIGHT AFT (TAIL HEAVY)

A

1.Flying speed is decreased
2.Stall characteristic
3.Stability decreased
4.Adverse spin characteristic
5.More engine power required

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22
Q

2 types of scales

A

MECHANICAL PLATFORM TYPE

ELECTRONIC TYPE

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23
Q

The ratio of the maximum load of an aircraft can sustain to the total weight of the aircraft.

A

LOAD FACTOR

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24
Q

It usually a form or modified version of the
platform scale) are low profile, easy to handle, safe, and reliable. Tow or push the aircraft wheels or skids onto the scale pad at ground level.

A

PLATFORM SCALES

RAMP WHEEL SCALES

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25
Q

Normal category

A

at least 3.8

26
Q

Utility category

A

4.4

27
Q

Acrobatic category

A

6.0

28
Q

The _____________ would adversely effect scale readings, thus giving lighter readings that actual aircraft weight.

A

wind over the wings

29
Q

They are also a reliable means to weigh aircraft and are typically cheaper than the platform type.

A

Electronic type or load cell scales

30
Q

Using _____________ allows for the aircraft to be set up and weighed in its level flight attitude

A

Electronic type or load cell scales

31
Q

2 Equipment

A

Scales

Jacks

32
Q

8 Procedure for Weight and Balance

A
  1. Scale Preparation
  2. Weigh Clean Aircraft Inside Hangar
  3. Equipment List
  4. Ballast
  5. Standard Weights
  6. Draining the Fuel
  7. Configuration of the Aircraft
  8. Jacking the Aircraft
33
Q

Scales should not be used in temperature
extremes _____________ or ______________.

A

below 40 °F or above 100 °F

34
Q

Electronic scales are ____________.

A

very sensitive

35
Q

The aircraft should be weighed ________________ a
hangar where wind cannot blow over the surface and cause fluctuating or false scale readings.

A

inside

36
Q

2 types of ballast

A

permanent ballasts (properly secured)

temporary ballasts (removed)

37
Q

They are established weights for numerous items involved in weight and balance computations.

A

Standard weights

38
Q

It must be installed under the jack pads if the manufacturer specifies them.

A

Stress plates

39
Q

The ____________________, or the point at which all of the weight of the aircraft is considered to be concentrated, must be maintained within the allowable range for the operational weight of the aircraft.

A

center of gravity (CG)

40
Q

The force exerted by gravity (Newton or
pounds

A

Weight

41
Q

For items added

A

Positive (+)

42
Q

For items removed

A

Negative (-)

43
Q

It is the total weight of the aircraft, equipment, passenger, baggage and fuel.

A

Maximum weight

44
Q

3 weights are necessary to maintain lift and structural integrity of an aircraft.

A
  1. Taxi or ramp weight
  2. Takeoff weight
  3. Landing weight
45
Q

Additional weight such as fuel

A

Taxi or ramp weight

46
Q

Greatest amount of weight that the aircraft is safely capable of lifting from the ground.

A

Takeoff weight

47
Q

Greatest amount of weight with which the aircraft can land safely.

A

Landing weight

48
Q

It is the weight of the airframe engine and all the equipment that has a fixed location or installed in the aircraft.

A

Empty weight

49
Q

It is used on transport types of aircraft where certain items are always carried on the aircraft.

A

Operating weight

50
Q

The _____________ is the empty weight of the aircraft subtracted from the maximum weight of the aircraft.

A

useful load

51
Q

BOW plus the payload. The weight of the
airplane exclusive of usable fuel.

A

Zero fuel weight

52
Q

BOW plus useable fuel. The weight of the
airplane exclusive of payload.

A

Operating Weight

53
Q

It is the imaginary line on vertical plane which is horizontal measurement on the aircraft are taken for weight and balance purposes.

A

Datum

54
Q

It is the horizontal distance that an item is located from the datum.

A

Arm

55
Q

It is the product of the weight multiplied by the arm.

A

Moment

56
Q

It is the point at which the nose heavy moments and the tail heavy moments have equal magnitude.

A

Center of Gravity

57
Q

This is the point at which the aircraft could be suspended without having any tendency to become nose or tail heavy.

A

Center of Gravity

58
Q

The average distance from the leading edge to the trailing edge of the wing.

A

Mean Aerodynamic Chord (MAC)

59
Q

Its position is expressed in length units aft of the datum.

A

LEMAC

Leading edge of mean aerodynamic chord.

60
Q

Also expressed in length units aft of the datum.

A

TEMAC

Trailing edge of the mean aerodynamic
chord

61
Q

It is a category of simple, very basic, small,
light-weight, low-performance aircraft.

A

Light Sport Aircraft

2ND SEMESTER_PRELIM (8 decks)

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