AC 4.2 Flashcards
what are social values?
rules shared by most people in a culture, or ideas they hold in value e.g. women and children first, from letting them leave the Titanic first
what are norms?
social expectations that guide behaviour, they keep deviance in check and can vary from culture to culture e.g. in the UK you wear black to a funeral but in China you wear white
what are mores?
moral/good ways of behaving, norms a culture would think are too serious to break e.g. murder
what has the change in social values, mores and norms over time led to?
changes in law or policies
how has society’s views changed regarding smoking?
in 1930s, smoking was a social norm, but as health implications were understood, peoples views changed and it is now illegal to smoke in certain circumstances
how did smoking change from the 1930s to 1950s?
smoking was glamourised and encouraged by doctors in the 1930s, but after an article in the 1950s linking tobacco to lung cancer, doctors endorsement was removed
what was concluded in 1964 by the Surgeon General in regards to smoking?
there was a link between cigarette smoking and chronic bronchitis, as a result health warning appeared on packets, with graphic images
what have campaigns to stop smoking such as ASH (Action on Smoking Health) done over recent years?
led to change in legislation e.g. the Children and Families Act 2014 which was the prohibition of smoking in vehicles with children present
what was society’s view on homosexuality in the 16th century compared to the 19th?
these acts were punishable by death in the 16th, but this penalty was removed in the 19th, but these acts remained illegal, with Oscar Wilde being convicted and sentenced for 2 years
when was homosexuality decriminalised?
1967
how has society’s views on homosexuality changed? : 1950s
several arrests of high profile cases for homosexual indecency led to a conversation of a law change
how has society’s views on homosexuality changed? : 1957?
Wolfenden Report said these laws were intruding into matters of personal morality
how has society’s views on homosexuality changed? : 1967?
decriminalisation in England and Wales with the age of consent being 21
how has society’s views on homosexuality changed? : 1994?
consent lowered to 18
how has society’s views on homosexuality changed? : 2000
consent lowered to 16
how has society’s views on homosexuality changed? : 2004
Civil Partnership Act
how has society’s views on homosexuality changed? : 2014
first same-sex marriage
how has society’s views on homosexuality changed? : 2010
laws against discrimination in the Equality Act
why has society changed in regards to homosexuality?
because of the structure of society, the fact we’re less religious and people not generally fearing God, this has meant ideologies from the Bible are followed less leading to more tolerance, as well as the fact new generations come with an enhanced tolerance
what other areas has society’s attitudes changes?
domestic abuse
racism
death penalty
seatbelts in cars
abortion
disability rights
employment rights
religion
assisted suicide
what was the view of women at the beginning of the 20th century?
they had very few political and legal rights,
married women stayed home
unmarried women were unemployed, teachers or waitresses
how the did the Suffragette movement change society’s views on womens rights?
they championed the campaign for the right of women to vote which was achieved in 1928
how has society’s views on women’s rights changed? : WWII
women filled many traditionally male roles
how has society’s views on homosexuality changed? : 1960s
the Women’s Liberation movement helped many changes come about
how has society’s views on homosexuality changed? : 1970
Equal Pay Act
how has society’s views on homosexuality changed? : 1975
Sex Discrimination Act
what do criminologists use demographics for?
to understand the reasons why people commit crime
what information is included when criminologists study demographic?
the location and type of offender
which can include: race, gender, etc
where is information regarding the structure of society and demographic changes recorded?
in both the CSEW and the records maintained by the police in recorded crime
what is information regarding the structure of society and demographic changes used for?
to understand why crime occurs and it also helps to provide ways of combatting crime and tackling issues causing it
