AC 3.3 Flashcards
How does reoffending put pressure on police?
- causes overpopulation
- between 1993 and 2015, prison population almost doubled
- due to overcrowding, police are forced to hold criminals in police cells and limits their ability to arrest
How much has reoffending increased for all prisoners?
36%
How does reoffending put pressure on courts and judiciary?
- more cases to process
How does reoffending put pressure on prisons?
- causes overpopulation
- between 1993 and 2015, population has doubled
- 3 out of 5 prisons are overcrowded
- staff are overworked and end up leaving
- former gov of liverpool hmp - “overcrowding is the biggest barrier providing a safe rehabilitative prison”
How has people having lack of access to resources and support impacting polices’ ability to achieve social control?
- less staff to search, arrest, detain
- crimes going unrecorded
- public have less trust in police so don’t report crime
How has people having lack of access to resources and support impacting prisons’ ability to achieve social control?
- a 15% cut in prison officers means fewer officers to supervise activities
- prisoners locked up and denied access to facilities due to lack of staff
- inadequate resources for education and training
- chief inspector 2022 report, half of prisons inspected didn’t have enough programmes
How has people having lack of access to resources and support impacting probations ability to achieve social control?
- lack of money - prisoners get £89 on release - not enough to stop them reoffending
- 1 in 9 prisoners have no accommodation on release
- need bank account and address to claim benefits
- lack of job - 1/4 prisoners have a job on release
Which areas limit the role of agencies in social control?
- repeating offending
- access to resources and support
- environment
- civil liberties and legal barriers
- local and national polices
- crimes committed by those with legal barriers
Which agencies does the environment place limitations on and why?
- Police – may not get reported so they don’t know about it
- CPS – may not have enough evidence to prosecute, family members may be reluctant to come forward
- Prison – reoffending may be high if the offender returns to the same environment
- Probation – may not know that the person is at risk of reoffending
What % of prisoners don’t have family visits in prison?
68% of prisoners don’t have visits - explains reoffending
What are the 4 civil rights?
- freedom of speech
- freedom of movement
- freedom of assembly and association
- freedom of religious worship
What kind of crimes could the freedom of speech lead to and which agencies des this impact?
- leads to protests and riots
- as they have the right to do this, it would be difficult for the police to control
What are the problems of the freedom of movement?
- impacts restrictions on being able to deport criminals
- deportation of criminals cannot take place if criminals would be in danger in their home country
- offenders can try to leave to avoid being caught
What is the freedom of assembly and association?
includes people’s right to protest, so becomes a problem when violent, eg london riots
What are the problems of the freedom of religious worship?
- the problem here is when does religious worship become extremism
- the blurred line is difficult for agencies and security services to define and therefore control certain problematic groups
How can policies impact the agencies ability to achieve social control?
- eg a policy to focus on certain areas of crime can lead to neglect of other areas and police resources would be diverted to other areas
how do crimes committed by those with moral imperatives impact agencies ability to achieve social control?
- agenices are powerless as general public will agree with actions of the criminal and resist their punishment
- as a result, they will be found not guilty due to jury equity
- people are not deterred from the crime, as a result
give an example of a case where a crime was committed by someone with a moral imperative and jury equity took place?
Kay Gilderdale
- assisted the suicide of her terminally ill daughter
- jury empathised and found her not guilty
Why is it unlikely that someone who commits a crime due to a moral imperative will be successfully controlled by agencies?
- it can be difficult to change the mindset of offenders with a moral imperative, hence is a limitation of achieving social control, as punishment is likely to alter their views
How many prisons are overcrowded?
3 out of 5
