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Abx Spectrum Flashcards

1
Q

Natural Penicillin gram +

A

Drug of choice for streptococcus
Most staphylococci are resistant
Most Enterococcus faecalis are sensitive
Most E. faecium are resistant

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2
Q

Natural penicillin anaerobes

A

peptostreptococcus, priopionibacterium

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3
Q

Natural penicillin gram -

A

Minimal coverage, only Neisseria meningitidis

Treponema pallium (syphilis)

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4
Q

Penicillinase -resistant penicillins

Gram +

A

Drug of choice for MSSA Streptococci (Penicillin-Sen)

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5
Q

Penicillinase resistance penicillin

Anaerobes

A

No coverage except peptostreptococcus

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6
Q

Penicillinase resistance penicillin gram -

A

No coverage for Enterococcus and Gram -ve

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7
Q

Extended spectrum

Amino penicillin gram +

A

As with natural penicillin

+ listeria

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8
Q

Extended spectrum amino penicillin anaerobes

A

As well natural penicillin

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9
Q

Extended spectrum
Amino penicillin
Gram -

A

Neisseria meningitidis Enterobacteriaceae that don’t produce β- lactamase

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10
Q

Extended spectrum

Anti pseudomonal

A

As with natural penicillin

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11
Q

Extended spectrum anti pseudomonal anaerobes

A

As with natural penicillin

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12
Q

Extended spectrum anti pseudomonal

Gram -

A

As with aminopenicillins & Citrobacter spp., Providencia spp., Enterobacter spp., Morganella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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13
Q

Example of penicillin w beta lactamase inhibitor

A

Amoxycillin/clavulanate, Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Ampicillin/sulbactam
Piperacillin/tazobactam

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14
Q

Piperacillin w tazobactam
Ampicillin w sulfobactam
Covers

A

Piperacillin/ tazobactam covers Pseudomona aeruginosa Ampicillin/ sulbactam covers Acinetobacter baumanni

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15
Q

Penicillin with BLI gram +

A

As with natural penicillins
In addition S. aureus (similair to penicillase-resistant penicillins, NOT MRSA

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16
Q

Penicillin w BLI anaerobes

A

Bacteroides spp

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17
Q

Penicillin w BLI gram -

A

E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp.

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18
Q

First gen cephalosporins gram +

A

Staphylococcus (except MRSA, CoNS)

Streptococcus
No enterococcus

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19
Q

First gen cephalosporins anaerobes

A

NO COVER ANAEROBES

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20
Q

First gen cephalosporins gram-

A

Proteus
Escherichia coli
Klebsiella
Not active against H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis

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21
Q

Second gen cephalosporins gram +

A

Staphylococcus (except MRSA, CoNS)

Streptococcus
No enterococcus

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22
Q

Second gen cephalosporins gram -

A

Neisseria meningitis
Proteus
Escherichia coli
Klebsiella
H. influenzae
M. catarrhalis

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23
Q

Third gen cephalosporins gram +

A

Staphylococcus (except MRSA, CoNS)

Streptococcus
No enterococcus

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24
Q

Third gen cephalosporins gram -

A

As with 2nd generation plus

N. Gonorrhoeae (Ceftriaxone) Pseudomonas (Ceftazidime) Serratia
Citrobacter

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25
Fourth gen cephalosporins gram +
Staphylococcus (except MRSA, CoNS) | Streptococcus No enterococcus
26
Fourth gen cephalosporins gram -
Broad Gram –ve coverage Pseudomonas Less susceptible to inactivation by AmpC B-lactamases
27
Fifth gen cephalosporins gram +
Staphylococcus (including MRSA) Streptococcus Enterococcus fecalis
28
Fifth gen cephalosporins gram -
Broad Gram –ve coverage Pseudomonas
29
Carbapenams gram +
Staphylococcus (inc cons) | Streptococcus No coverage of MRSA E. fecalis (some) No coverage of E. faecium
30
Carbapenams anaerobe
Except C. difficile
31
Carbapenams gram -
Broadest gram-negative coverage Except S. maltophilia
32
Monobactam coverage
No coverage for gram + and anaerobes Gram -ve coverage Broad coverage Pseudomonas No coverage for ESBL-producers, B. cepacia, S. maltophilia and Acinetobacter
33
Glycopeptide gram +
Staphylococcus including MRSA Streptococcus including PRSP Enterococcus (Excluding VRE) Coagulase negative staphylococcus Literia
34
Glycopeptide anaerobes
Gram +ve peptostreptococcus, Clostridium Clostridium difficile
35
Glycopeptide gram -
No coverage
36
Daptomycin gram +
``` Staphylococcus (include MRSA, CoNS) Streptococcus (except S. pneumo) Enterococcus faecium (including VRE) Enterococcus faecalis ```
37
Daptomycin gram -
Minimal activity
38
Polymyxin coverage
Gram - Very broad E. coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter Does not cover Proteus, Providencia, Serra?a, Burkholderia, Vibrio, Morganella No gram + and anaerobes
39
Aminoglycoside gram +
Minimal staphylococcus Synergy with beta-lactams and vancomycin against streptococcus, staphylococcus, and enterococcus Synergy against listeria
40
Aminoglycoside gram -ve
Broad gram-negative coverage Pseudomonas
41
Tetracycline gram +
Streptococcus | Staphylococcus aureus No coverage of enterococcus Covers listeria
42
Tetracycline atypical
Legionella Mycoplasma Chlamydia Rickettsia
43
Tetracycline gram -
Neisseria Moraxella Hemophilus
44
Tigecycline Gram +
Streptococcus Staphylococcus (incl MRSA) Enterococcus (incl VRE) Covers listeria
45
Tigecycline atypical
Legionella Mycoplasma Chlamydia Rickettsia
46
Tigecycline gram -
Broad coverage Exception: the three Ps Pseudomonas Proteus Providencia
47
Macrolide gram +
``` Streptococcus Staphylococcus (some CA-MRSA) No coverage of Enterococcus Covers listeria No CONS ```
48
Macrolide atypical
Legionella Mycoplasma Chlamydia Rickettsia
49
Macrolide -ve
Morexella Hemophilus influenzae
50
Lincosamide gram +
``` Streptococcus Staphylococcus (some CA-MRSA) No coverage of Enterococcus NO CONS ```
51
Lincosamide Anaerobes
Bacteroides | Peptostreptococcus Priopionibacterium
52
Lincosamide gram -
No coverage
53
Linezolid gram +
Staphylococcus (incl MRSA, CoNS) Streptococcus Enterococcus (incl VRE)
54
Linezolid gram -
No coverage
55
Co-trimoxazole gram +
Minimal streptococcus Staphylococcus Covers some strains of MRSA Listeria No coverage of enterococcus
56
Co-trimoxazole anaerobe
Pneumocystis jiroveci Nocardia
57
Co-trimoxazole gram -
Neiserria Morexella Hemophilus Escherichia coli Klebsiella Stenotrophomonas maltophilia
58
FQ gram +
Older agents with poor activity; newer FQs with enhanced potency MSSA Streptococcus pneumoniae (incl PRSP, for LevoLloxacin, MoxiLloxacin) Viridans group Streptococci Minimal coverage for Enterococcus M and L cover CONS
59
FQ anaerobe
Some coverage for gram-pos Gram-neg, Bacteroides (only moxifloxacin)
60
FQ atypical
Legionella pneumophila Chlamydia Mycoplasma
61
FQ gram -
Enterobacteriaceae H. influenzae M. catarrhalis Neisseria spp Pseudomonas aeruginosa Significant resistance has emerged + PEK + Serratia + citrobacter
62
Nitrofurantoin gram +
``` S. aureus, S. epidermidis, S. saprophyticus, Enterococcus faecalis, S. agalactiae, group D streptococci, viridians streptococci and Corynebacterium ```
63
Nitrofurantoin gram -
``` E. coli, Enterobacte Neisseria, Salmonella and Shigella ```
64
Metronidazole anaerobe bacteria
Bacteroides Fusobacterium Prevotella Clostridium Helicobacter pylori Minimal coverage for acJnomyces Minimal coverage for Propionebacterium acnes
65
Metronidazole anaerobe Protozoa
Trichomonas vaginalis Entamoeba histoly*ca Giardia lamblia Gardnerella vaginalis
66
DOC mycoplasma pneumonia
Doxycycline Azithromycin Levofloxacin Moxiflocillin Chloramphenicol
67
Doc chlamydia trachomatis
Doxycycline Azithromycin Levoflo
68
Doc chlamydophila
Doxycycline Azithromycin Levoflo Moxi
69
Rickettsia doc
Doxycycline Chloramphenicol (only in pregnant )
70
Legionella doc
Levo Moxi Azithromycin
71
Neomycin Roa
Topical or oral
72
Amikacin
Mycobacterium avium
73
Streptomycin
TB (2nd line)
74
Rickettsia doc
Tetracycline
75
FQ for TB
Cipro Levo Moxi
76
FQ for anthrax tx and prophylaxis
Cipro

Antibiotic (21 decks)

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