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Abx Spectrum Flashcards

1
Q

Natural Penicillin gram +

A

Drug of choice for streptococcus
Most staphylococci are resistant
Most Enterococcus faecalis are sensitive
Most E. faecium are resistant

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2
Q

Natural penicillin anaerobes

A

peptostreptococcus, priopionibacterium

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3
Q

Natural penicillin gram -

A

Minimal coverage, only Neisseria meningitidis

Treponema pallium (syphilis)

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4
Q

Penicillinase -resistant penicillins

Gram +

A

Drug of choice for MSSA Streptococci (Penicillin-Sen)

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5
Q

Penicillinase resistance penicillin

Anaerobes

A

No coverage except peptostreptococcus

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6
Q

Penicillinase resistance penicillin gram -

A

No coverage for Enterococcus and Gram -ve

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7
Q

Extended spectrum

Amino penicillin gram +

A

As with natural penicillin

+ listeria

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8
Q

Extended spectrum amino penicillin anaerobes

A

As well natural penicillin

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9
Q

Extended spectrum
Amino penicillin
Gram -

A

Neisseria meningitidis Enterobacteriaceae that don’t produce β- lactamase

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10
Q

Extended spectrum

Anti pseudomonal

A

As with natural penicillin

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11
Q

Extended spectrum anti pseudomonal anaerobes

A

As with natural penicillin

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12
Q

Extended spectrum anti pseudomonal

Gram -

A

As with aminopenicillins & Citrobacter spp., Providencia spp., Enterobacter spp., Morganella spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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13
Q

Example of penicillin w beta lactamase inhibitor

A

Amoxycillin/clavulanate, Ticarcillin/clavulanate
Ampicillin/sulbactam
Piperacillin/tazobactam

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14
Q

Piperacillin w tazobactam
Ampicillin w sulfobactam
Covers

A

Piperacillin/ tazobactam covers Pseudomona aeruginosa Ampicillin/ sulbactam covers Acinetobacter baumanni

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15
Q

Penicillin with BLI gram +

A

As with natural penicillins
In addition S. aureus (similair to penicillase-resistant penicillins, NOT MRSA

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16
Q

Penicillin w BLI anaerobes

A

Bacteroides spp

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17
Q

Penicillin w BLI gram -

A

E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Proteus spp.

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18
Q

First gen cephalosporins gram +

A

Staphylococcus (except MRSA, CoNS)

Streptococcus
No enterococcus

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19
Q

First gen cephalosporins anaerobes

A

NO COVER ANAEROBES

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20
Q

First gen cephalosporins gram-

A

Proteus
Escherichia coli
Klebsiella
Not active against H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis

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21
Q

Second gen cephalosporins gram +

A

Staphylococcus (except MRSA, CoNS)

Streptococcus
No enterococcus

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22
Q

Second gen cephalosporins gram -

A

Neisseria meningitis
Proteus
Escherichia coli
Klebsiella
H. influenzae
M. catarrhalis

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23
Q

Third gen cephalosporins gram +

A

Staphylococcus (except MRSA, CoNS)

Streptococcus
No enterococcus

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24
Q

Third gen cephalosporins gram -

A

As with 2nd generation plus

N. Gonorrhoeae (Ceftriaxone) Pseudomonas (Ceftazidime) Serratia
Citrobacter

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25
Q

Fourth gen cephalosporins gram +

A

Staphylococcus (except MRSA, CoNS)

Streptococcus
No enterococcus

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26
Q

Fourth gen cephalosporins gram -

A

Broad Gram –ve coverage
Pseudomonas
Less susceptible to inactivation by AmpC B-lactamases

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27
Q

Fifth gen cephalosporins gram +

A

Staphylococcus (including MRSA) Streptococcus
Enterococcus fecalis

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28
Q

Fifth gen cephalosporins gram -

A

Broad Gram –ve coverage Pseudomonas

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29
Q

Carbapenams gram +

A

Staphylococcus (inc cons)

Streptococcus
No coverage of MRSA
E. fecalis (some)
No coverage of E. faecium

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30
Q

Carbapenams anaerobe

A

Except C. difficile

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31
Q

Carbapenams gram -

A

Broadest gram-negative coverage Except S. maltophilia

32
Q

Monobactam coverage

A

No coverage for gram + and anaerobes

Gram -ve coverage
Broad coverage Pseudomonas
No coverage for ESBL-producers, B. cepacia, S. maltophilia and Acinetobacter

33
Q

Glycopeptide gram +

A

Staphylococcus including MRSA Streptococcus including PRSP Enterococcus (Excluding VRE) Coagulase negative staphylococcus
Literia

34
Q

Glycopeptide anaerobes

A

Gram +ve peptostreptococcus, Clostridium
Clostridium difficile

35
Q

Glycopeptide gram -

A

No coverage

36
Q

Daptomycin gram +

A 
Staphylococcus (include MRSA, CoNS) 
Streptococcus (except S. pneumo) 
Enterococcus faecium (including VRE) Enterococcus faecalis
37
Q

Daptomycin gram -

A

Minimal activity

38
Q

Polymyxin coverage

A

Gram - Very broad
E. coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter
Does not cover Proteus, Providencia, Serra?a, Burkholderia, Vibrio, Morganella

No gram + and anaerobes

39
Q

Aminoglycoside gram +

A

Minimal staphylococcus
Synergy with beta-lactams and vancomycin against streptococcus, staphylococcus, and enterococcus
Synergy against listeria

40
Q

Aminoglycoside gram -ve

A

Broad gram-negative coverage Pseudomonas

41
Q

Tetracycline gram +

A

Streptococcus

Staphylococcus aureus
No coverage of enterococcus Covers listeria

42
Q

Tetracycline atypical

A

Legionella
Mycoplasma
Chlamydia
Rickettsia

43
Q

Tetracycline gram -

A

Neisseria
Moraxella
Hemophilus

44
Q

Tigecycline Gram +

A

Streptococcus
Staphylococcus (incl MRSA) Enterococcus (incl VRE)
Covers listeria

45
Q

Tigecycline atypical

A

Legionella
Mycoplasma
Chlamydia
Rickettsia

46
Q

Tigecycline gram -

A

Broad coverage Exception:
the three Ps
Pseudomonas
Proteus
Providencia

47
Q

Macrolide gram +

A 
Streptococcus
Staphylococcus (some CA-MRSA) No coverage of Enterococcus Covers listeria
No CONS
48
Q

Macrolide atypical

A

Legionella
Mycoplasma
Chlamydia
Rickettsia

49
Q

Macrolide -ve

A

Morexella
Hemophilus influenzae

50
Q

Lincosamide gram +

A 
Streptococcus
Staphylococcus (some CA-MRSA) No coverage of Enterococcus
NO CONS
51
Q

Lincosamide Anaerobes

A

Bacteroides

Peptostreptococcus Priopionibacterium

52
Q

Lincosamide gram -

A

No coverage

53
Q

Linezolid gram +

A

Staphylococcus (incl MRSA, CoNS)
Streptococcus Enterococcus (incl VRE)

54
Q

Linezolid gram -

A

No coverage

55
Q

Co-trimoxazole gram +

A

Minimal streptococcus Staphylococcus
Covers some strains of MRSA Listeria
No coverage of enterococcus

56
Q

Co-trimoxazole anaerobe

A

Pneumocystis jiroveci
Nocardia

57
Q

Co-trimoxazole gram -

A

Neiserria
Morexella
Hemophilus
Escherichia coli
Klebsiella
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

58
Q

FQ gram +

A

Older agents with poor activity; newer FQs with enhanced potency
MSSA
Streptococcus pneumoniae (incl PRSP, for LevoLloxacin, MoxiLloxacin)
Viridans group Streptococci Minimal coverage for Enterococcus

M and L cover CONS

59
Q

FQ anaerobe

A

Some coverage for gram-pos
Gram-neg, Bacteroides (only moxifloxacin)

60
Q

FQ atypical

A

Legionella
pneumophila
Chlamydia
Mycoplasma

61
Q

FQ gram -

A

Enterobacteriaceae
H. influenzae
M. catarrhalis
Neisseria spp
Pseudomonas aeruginosa Significant resistance has emerged

+ PEK
+ Serratia
+ citrobacter

62
Q

Nitrofurantoin gram +

A 
S. aureus, 
S. epidermidis, 
S. saprophyticus, 
Enterococcus faecalis, 
S. agalactiae, 
group D streptococci, 
viridians streptococci and 
Corynebacterium
63
Q

Nitrofurantoin gram -

A 
E. coli, 
Enterobacte
Neisseria, 
Salmonella and 
Shigella
64
Q

Metronidazole anaerobe bacteria

A

Bacteroides
Fusobacterium
Prevotella
Clostridium
Helicobacter pylori
Minimal coverage for acJnomyces
Minimal coverage for Propionebacterium acnes

65
Q

Metronidazole anaerobe Protozoa

A

Trichomonas vaginalis Entamoeba histoly*ca Giardia lamblia Gardnerella vaginalis

66
Q

DOC mycoplasma pneumonia

A

Doxycycline

Azithromycin
Levofloxacin
Moxiflocillin
Chloramphenicol

67
Q

Doc chlamydia trachomatis

A

Doxycycline
Azithromycin

Levoflo

68
Q

Doc chlamydophila

A

Doxycycline

Azithromycin
Levoflo
Moxi

69
Q

Rickettsia doc

A

Doxycycline

Chloramphenicol (only in pregnant )

70
Q

Legionella doc

A

Levo
Moxi

Azithromycin

71
Q

Neomycin Roa

A

Topical or oral

72
Q

Amikacin

A

Mycobacterium avium

73
Q

Streptomycin

A

TB (2nd line)

74
Q

Rickettsia doc

A

Tetracycline

75
Q

FQ for TB

A

Cipro
Levo
Moxi

76
Q

FQ for anthrax tx and prophylaxis

Antibiotic (21 decks)

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