Abuse of Children

Question 1

What are the four main categories of child maltreatment?

Answer 1

Physical abuse
Sexual abuse
Neglect
Emotional maltreatment

Question 2

Define shaken baby syndrome: what category does it fall into?

Answer 2

Shaking the baby to make it stop crying that results in brain injury

Physical abuse

Question 3

Define neglect

Answer 3

i. The child is withheld from emotional, psychological or physical development

Question 4

What is the most common type of child maltreatment?

Answer 4

Neglect/Failure to provide

Question 5

Define emotional maltreatment

Answer 5

i. Act or omissions by caregivers that can cause serious behavioural, cognitive, emotional disorders

Question 6

Of the four main types of child maltreatment, which one has no criminal charge?

Answer 6

Emotional maltreatment

Question 7

What are the two types of abduction?

Answer 7

Family and stereotypical abduction

Question 8

What type of abduction is the most common?

Answer 8

Family abduction, where estranged parent / parent with custody takes the child

Question 9

what are some stats about stereotypical abduction? (4)

Answer 9

1. Often end in tragedy
2. 40% of abductions result in death of child, usually within the first 24 hours
3. Sexual motivations are a major source of motivation
4. 2/3 of victims are female, age range between 6-14 years

Question 10

Define Munchausen by proxy

Answer 10

i. Mother consistently and chronically brings in child with false symptoms
ii. Further symptoms are due to poisoning or infliction by the mother

Question 11

What are some indicators of a mother with Munchausen? (5)

Answer 11

a. Mother wants to stay with child the whole time during examination
b. Previous history of Munchausen
c. Conditions are recurring, and don’t respond to treatment, the conditions are abnormal
d. Mother constantly tries to falsify tests
e. Mother has background/fascination in medicine

Question 12

What ages of children are usually affect by mothers with Munchausen?

Answer 12

8 and under

Question 13

What are the rules on corporal punishment in the home? (3)

Answer 13

i. Parents may not spank children under the age of 2, or over the age of 12
ii. Parents can use physical force on kids between 3-12 years, but can’t use an object to hit
iii. No hitting on head or face ever

Question 14

What are three general risk factors of child maltreatment

Answer 14

Children factors
Parental factors
Social factors

Question 15

What are four risk factors of physical abuse?

Answer 15

1. Happens more often in single-parent home
2. If pregnancy is unplanned/ young age of mother
3. History of abuse for mother/father
4. Lack of social network

Question 16

Who are more likely to be victims of physical violence? Sexual violence?

Answer 16

Boys, girls

Question 17

What are four risk factors of sexual abuse?

Answer 17

1. Living in family WITHOUT a biological parent
2. Poor relationships between parents
3. Poor child-parent relationships
4. PRESENCE OF STEPFATHER

Question 18

What are two risk factors for physical abuse from a social standpoint?

Answer 18

1. Low socio-economic status

2. Large family size

Question 19

What are effects of physical abuse/ neglect

Answer 19

a. Lower motor skills
b. Poor cognition and academic achievement
c. Mental health difficulties
d. Aggressive behaviour

Question 20

What are two long-term effects of physical abuse/neglect?

Answer 20

i. If you are abused, you will be violent later

ii. 30% of abused children neglect/abuse their own children

Question 21

what are effects of sexual abuse?

Answer 21

a. Lowered self-esteem
b. Abnormal sexuality
c. Symptoms of PTSD
d. Within two years of sexual abuse, physical disorders can occur

Question 22

What are three long term effects of sexual abuse as a child?

Answer 22

1. Psychiatric disorders
2. Dysfunctional behaviours (alcoholism, sexualized behaviour)
3. Neurobiological dysregulation: smaller hippocampal size similar to effects seen in PTSD war veterans

Question 23

What are the 6 forms of child abuse

Answer 23

1. Physical abuse
2. Sexual
3. Neglect/Failure to provide
4. Emotional treatment
5. Abduction
6. Munchausen by proxy

Question 24

What are the changes the Supreme Court of Canada made to section 43 regarding corporal punishment?

Answer 24

i. Corporal punishment prohibited in schools. Physical force ok to remove a student or prevent immediate threats of harm to ppl/property
ii. Parents may not spank children under the age of 2, or over the age of 12
iii. Parents can use physical force on kids between 3-12 years, but can’t use an object to hit
iv. No hitting on head or face ever