Absorption by roots

Question 1

Three function of roots

Answer 1

1. fix the plant in soil
2. absorb water and mineral nutrients from soil
3. conduct them into the stem for supply to leaves, flowers, fruits

Question 2

Water is needed by plant for 4 things. they are?

Answer 2

1. photosynthesis
2. transpiration
3. transportation
4. mechanical stiffness

Question 3

Mineral elements are required by plant for:

Answer 3

1. constituents of cell and cell organelles

2. synthesis of compounds and enzymes within the cell

Question 4

Three characteristics of roots for absorbing water

Answer 4

1. surface area of roots is enormous
2. Root hairs contain cell sap of higher conc. than that of surrounding solution
3. root hairs have thin walls

Question 5

Surface area of roots is enormous due to the presence of ____

Answer 5

Root hairs

Question 6

Root hairs are extensions of _____ cells of roots

Answer 6

Epidermal

Question 7

Cell wall is _____ and _____

Answer 7

Thin and permeable

Question 8

Cell membrane is ____________ and _______

Answer 8

Very thin and semi-permeable

Question 9

Cell membrane allows ______ molecules to pass through but not _____ molecules

Answer 9

water, solute

Question 10

Absorption and conduction of water and minerals is dependent on five phenomena. they are?

Answer 10

Imbibition
Diffusion
Osmosis
Active transport 
Turgidity and Flaccidity

Question 11

Imbibition

Answer 11

is a phenomenon by which living or dead plant cells attract water by surface absorption

Question 12

What r hydrophilic substances

Answer 12

Substances having strong affinity for water

Question 13

Substances made of _______ are hydrophilic

Answer 13

Cellulose

Question 14

two Examples of imbibition

Answer 14

1. wooden doors swell up in winter

2. seed coat ruptures in germinating seeds

Question 15

Imbibition is an important force in _____

Answer 15

Ascent of sap

Question 16

Diffusion is _____ movement of _____, from region of ___ to ____ conc. when the two are in _____ contact

Answer 16

free, molecules, higher, lower, direct

Question 16

Osmosis is the movement of ___ molecules from a region of their ____ conc. to a region of their ____ conc. through a __________

Answer 16

water, higher, lower, semi-permeable membrane

Question 16

Two types of osmosis

Answer 16

1. endosmosis

2. exosmosis

Question 16

Endosmosis is the _______ diffusion of water through semi permeable membrane when surrounding solution is ____ concentrated.

Answer 16

Inward, less

Question 16

Endosmosis tends to __________ the cell

Answer 16

swell up

Question 17

Exosmosis is the ______ diffusion of water through semi permeable membrane when surrounding solution is ____ concentrated

Answer 17

outward, more

Question 18

Exosmosis tends to ___ the cell

Answer 18

shrink

Question 19

in an experiment to demonstrate osmosis, what can be used as semi permeable membrane

Answer 19

1. cellophane paper
2. egg membrane
3. animal bladder
4. vising bag

Question 20

if we use rubber sheet instead of cellophane paper, what will happen? this is because rubber sheet is ______

Answer 20

No change in level of water, impermeable

Question 21

if we use muslin cloth instead of cellophane paper, what will happen? this is because muslin cloth is ______ for sugar solution

Answer 21

entire sugar solution will flow down due to gravity since the pores of muslin cloth are so large. FREELY PERMEABLE

Question 22

Theoretically, osmosis should continue till concentration of water becomes _______ on both sides.

Answer 22

equal

Question 23

Osmotic pressure

Answer 23

minimum pressure required to prevent passage of pure solvent into solution when two r separated by semi-permeable membrane

Question 24

_________ is a measure of its tendency to take in water by osmosis

Answer 24

Osmotic pressure

Question 25

Relative conc. of solutions

Answer 25

Tonicity

Question 26

Tonicity determines

Answer 26

direction and extent of diffusion

Question 27

Based on tonicity, a solution can be pf three types .. they are?

Answer 27

Hypotonic Hypertonic Isotonic

Question 28

when relative conc. of water molecules is same on either side of SPM , solution is in ___ condition and ____osmosis takes place

Answer 28

isotonic , no

Question 29

The solution outside cell has lower solute conc. than inside the cell. the condition of solution is _________ and __osmosis take place

Answer 29

Hypotonic, end

Question 30

The solution outside the cell has a higher solute conc. than inside the cell.. condition of solution is ____ and __osmosis takes place

Answer 30

hypertonic, ex

Question 31

cell enlarges or bursts when solution is _____

Answer 31

Hypotonic

Question 32

Cell shrinks when solution is ___

Answer 32

Hypertonic

Question 33

Active transport is the passage of a substance from its ____ to ___ conc. through a ____ ___ ________ using ____ from the cell

Answer 33

Lower, higher, living cell membrane, energy

Question 34

active transport is in a direction opposite to that of ____

Answer 34

Diffusion

Question 35

required energy for active transport is supplied in the form of

Answer 35

ATP ( Adenosine tri phosphate)

Question 36

Passive transport is same as ___

Answer 36

Diffusion

Question 37

State of cell which is fully distended ( cannot accommodate any more water) and the condition, ?

Answer 37

Turgid state , Turgidity

Question 38

Pressure of cell content on cell wall

Answer 38

Turgor pressure

Question 39

Pressure of cell wall on cell content

Answer 39

wall pressure

Question 40

When turgor pressure exceeds wall pressure.... what happens

Answer 40

cell ruptures and contents burst out

Question 41

Plasmolysis

Answer 41

contraction of cytoplasm from cell wall due to withdrawal of water when placed in hypertonic solution

Question 42

after plasmolysis, the cells are ____

Answer 42

flaccid

Question 43

if a plasmolysed cell is returned to water quickly before it is dead, the protoplasm swells up again . this condition is called

Answer 43

Deplasmolysis

Question 44

____ provides rigidity to soft tissues like leaves

Answer 44

Turgidity

Question 45

practical example of plasmolysis

Answer 45

Addition of salt to pickle and meat to kill bacteria

Question 46

Roots of certain trees crack the walls of a building sometimes.... this is due to ___ ____

Answer 46

Turgor pressure

Question 47

_____ in root cells build up root pressure

Answer 47

Turgor

Question 48

Root pressure can be measured using

Answer 48

Manometer

Question 49

pressure developed in roots due to continued inward movement of water through cell to cell osmosis

Answer 49

Root pressure

Question 50

Loss of water through cut stem

Answer 50

Bleeding

Question 51

Bleeding in plants happen due to

Answer 51

root pressure

Question 52

opening and closing of stomata depend on _____ of guard cells

Answer 52

Turgidity

Question 53

scientific name for touch-me-not plant

Answer 53

Mimosa Pudica

Question 54

in mimosa Pudica, stimulus of ___ leads to loss of ____ at the base of _____ called _____

Answer 54

Touch, turgor, petioles , pulvinus

Question 55

bending of certain flowers to wards the sun is als example of

Answer 55

Turgor movements

Question 56

4 forces contributing to ascent of sap

Answer 56

Root pressure Capillarity Transpiration pull Adhesion

Question 57

Xylem is in the ____ whereas phloem is in the ___

Answer 57

centre, periphery

Question 58

another name for experiment where xylem is removed and phloem is removed

Answer 58

Girdling

Question 59

___ is the tendency of same kind of molecules to remain joined

Answer 59

Cohesion

Question 60

__ is the tendency of dissimilar particles to stick together

Answer 60

Adhesion

Question 61

narrower the diameter of the xylem ,_____ will be the height of water rising

Answer 61

greater