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History > Absolutism > Flashcards

Absolutism Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the two pathways of State Formation

A

Absolutism and Consitutionalism

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2
Q

How did monarchial power change during the 17th century?

A

From Feudalism to Capitalism

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3
Q

What are the five features of absolutism?

A
  1. Consolidation of Power
  2. Monarch’s identity is state identity
  3. Decrease of noble influence
  4. Professional standing armies
  5. Bureaucracy
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4
Q

What was King Louis XIV nickname?

A

The Sun King

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5
Q

Why do kings have two bodies?

A

One for mortal and one for sacred/divinity

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6
Q

What was the name of the man who acted in Louis’ heed before he became of age?

A

The Reagent

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7
Q

What was La Fronde

A

The noble rebellion 1648-1653 before King Louis XIV was in power

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8
Q

Why did the ordinary people support La Fronde?

A

Mazarin taxed them in the 30 years war they fought in

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9
Q

What does Louis never forget?

A

The nobles who threatened his soveriegnty

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10
Q

What was Louis’ primary mission?

A

Control the nobles

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11
Q

Why did Louis coin the Fleur-de-lys?

A

To challenge the power of the pope as a divine being

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12
Q

What did the Fleur-de-lys symbolize?

A

Allegiance to the king; not the nobility

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13
Q

Why did Louis choose a symbol instead of a motto?

A

Peasants can’t read

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14
Q

What did Versailles symbolize?

A

Wealth and power of the state, especially over the nobility

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15
Q

What is the name of the grand entrance to Versailles?

A

Hall of Mirrors

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16
Q

What was Louis’ vision of France?

A

Grand, fertile, well organized, divine

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17
Q

Why did Louis create the Courtiers?

A

A mechanism to organize and build power

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18
Q

What is the Estates General?

A

The assembly of nobles who make political decisions

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19
Q

Why are the nobles of the Estates General angry with Louis?

A

He never calls a session since he only “had” to for raising taxes

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20
Q

How did Louis treat the nobles?

A

He loved forcing them into his court for enagement, pitting them against each other, and insulting/humiliating them

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21
Q

What is Patronage?

A

Paying homage to the king through humiliating acts

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22
Q

What are Incentives and Indendants?

A

Representatives sent to the provinces to challenge the noble authority, maintain order, and enforce the king’s laws

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23
Q

How were Intendants appointed?

A

Favors, not merit

24
Q

What was the message Louis wanted to send with the intendants?

A

The King is Everywhere

25
Q

What was the issue with the Indendants

A

They enforced laws differently and unevenly across the provinces

26
Q

What was Louis’ perspective on religion in his regime?

A

He favored Catholics because it established a church hierarchy he could control.

27
Q

How did Louis extend Catholic control?

A

Repealed the Edict of Nantes in 1685

28
Q

What was the effect of repealing the Edict of Nantes?

A

Eliminated protestant freedom: no public acts, churchs, schools… exile for violators

29
Q

What was Louis’ view on Bureaucracy?

A

He viewed it as an annoyance; he wanted no checks on his power

30
Q

What was Louis’ view on armed conflict?

A

He wanted to expand France

31
Q

How did Louis view war on his economy?

A

Constant war means constant money from increased taxes

32
Q

How were absolute France and Russia similar?

A

Unlimited power, fighting nobles, central bureaucracy, military might

33
Q

How were absolute France and Russia different?

A

Russia was much bigger than France, Russia had many cultures, languages, and Religions

34
Q

How was Louis different from Peter the Great?

A

Peter was not ostentacious like Louis

35
Q

Who preceeded Peter the Great?

A

Azar Alexi

36
Q

What was Alexi’s main contribution to Russia?

A

Taxes and administrative structure

37
Q

What was the congregation of noble delegates known as in Alexi’s Russia?

A

Assembly of the Land

38
Q

What was the New Law Code?

A

Strict social and political hierarchy established by Alexi

39
Q

What did the Law Code do?

A

Assigned everyone to a social class based on their ocupation and the needs of the state

40
Q

What was the name of the slaves and peasants social class?

A

Serf Class

41
Q

How did Alexi check the noble power?

A

Required military service and pledges to serve the Tsar

42
Q

What was Peter the Great’s main goal for Russia?

A

To westernize it

43
Q

How was Peter the Great different from Alexi and Louis?

A

He befriends the nobles and encourages court alliances

44
Q

How did Peter the Great respond to rumors about his son’s plot?

A

He was arrested and executed

45
Q

How did Peter the Great try to establish western culture?

A

Western dress, freshly shaved, tobacco

46
Q

What is St. Petersburg?

A

Much like Versailles but for Russia

47
Q

What direaction did St. Petersburg face? Why?

A

West; Faces Russia’s future

48
Q

What was the Code of 1649?

A

Intricate system for organizing nobles and political power in Russia

49
Q

What are the three branches of the Code of 1649?

A

Military, Judiciary, and Civil

50
Q

Who kept Russia running under Peter the Great’s reign?

A

Educated Bureaucrats

51
Q

What did Peter the Great value for his people?

A

Education

52
Q

How did Peter the Great advance education?

A

Noble boys attend until 15, Academy of Sciences, and Universities for state function

53
Q

How did Peter the Great pay for his education advancements?

A

poll taxes per capita on the serfs and taxes on luxury goods for the nobles

54
Q

What economic system did Peter the Great prefer?

A

Mercantlism

55
Q

How did Peter the Great implement Mercantilism?

A

200 new state manufacturers, transportation infrastructure, and tarrifs on foreign goods

History (4 decks)

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