Abnormalities of Bone Flashcards
What are bone abnormalities?
- break in bone
- fractures
What are bone abnormalities?
- break in bone
- fractures
What is an open fracture?
Skin broken because of fracture
What is a closed fracture?
Skin still intact
What are the types of fractures? (9)
- transverse
- displaced
- compression
- spiral
- epiphyseal
- comminuted
- greenstick
- Colles
- Pott’s
What is transverse (closed) fracture?
Break in bone perpendicular to its length
- heals easily
What is displaced fracture?
Bone has broken and moved from place of alignment
- if not healed in correct position, can cause deformity of limb
What is compression fracture?
Break in bone that occurs in vertebrae
- causes it to collapse due to weight of body
- hard to heal to original position
What is spiral fracture?
Caused by twisting force that forms a fracture line around the bone
- heals well
What is epiphyseal fracture?
Fracture around growth plate
- causes abnormal growth, limb deformities
What is comminuted fracture?
Bone has broken into fragments
- very hard to heal due to complex fragments
What is greenstick fracture?
Crack in the bone, not completely fractured
- heals quickly & well
How does a fracture repair?
- hematoma (blood clot) forms
- internal & external callus begins to forms as spongy bone
- bony callus fully formed & replaces dead bone
- bone remodelling occurs overtime
How does a hematoma form?
- Immediately after fracture, extensive bleeding occurs
- overtime large blood clot forms
How does the internal & external callus begin to form?
- network of spongy bone unites the inner edges to form internal callus
- external callus of cartilage & bone stabilises outer edges
- forms in days