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Abnormal Psychology Flashcards

1
Q

a disorder marked by persistent & excessive feelings of anxiety & worry about numerous events & activities

A

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

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2
Q

a persistent & unreasonable fear of a particular object, activity, or situation

A

phobia

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3
Q

Anxiety Disorder

Recurrent & unpredictable panic attacks (short bouts of panic that occur suddenly, reach peach w/in 10 min, gradually pass). feel like you are losing control/dying/going crazy.

Cause:
1) cognitive - misinterpret what is going on in their body
2) biological - norepinephrine abnormality

A

panic disorder

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4
Q

recurrent & unwanted thoughts, a need to perform repetitive & rigid actions, or both

A

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (ODC)

obsessive = persistent thought, idea, impulse, image that is experienced repeatedly, feel intrusive, & causes anxiety

compulsion = a repetitive & rigid behavior or mental act that a person feels driven to perform in order to prevent/reduce anxiety

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5
Q

an event that creates a sense of threat by confronting a person w/ a demand or opportunity for change

A

Stress

3 types:
1) normal
2) eustress - exciting, challenging, adventurous
3) dis-stress - negative, disease

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6
Q

depression w/out a history of mania

A

unipolar depression

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7
Q

a disorder marked by alternating or intermixed periods of mania & depression

A

bipolar depression

treatment = lithium

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8
Q

excessive & extended feelings of anxiety, depressed mood, antisocial behaviors

somewhere b/w effective coping strategies & PTSD is the syndrome of ____.

A

adjustment disorder w/ depression (or anxiety)

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9
Q

an illness w/ no identifiable physical cause, in w/c the patient is believed to be intentionally producing or faking symptoms in order to assume a sick role

A

Factitious Disorder

Munchausen’s Syndrom/Proxy

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10
Q

when a physical illness or impairment has no apparent medical cause, in w/c there is a patten of physical complaints that is explained largely by psychosocial causes

these ppl don’t consciously want/purposely induce their symptoms

these ppl believe they are ill

A

somatoform disorder

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11
Q

illnesses that result from an interaction of psychosocial & organic factors

brings about actual physical damage

A

psychophysiological disorders

aka: psychosomatic disorder

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12
Q

a disorder marked by the pursuit of extreme thinness & by extreme loss of weight

1) restricting (food intake)
2) binge-eating/purging (eating binges but still lose excessive weight by force)

A

anorexia nervosa

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13
Q

a disorder marked by frequent eating binges that are followed by forced vomiting or other extreme compensatory behaviors

maintains body weight w/in normal range

A

bulimia nervosa

aka: binge-purge syndrome

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14
Q

a pattern of maladaptive behavior centered around the misuse (temp. changes in behavior, emotion, or thoughts as a result of substance/drug), abuse (chronic/excessive) ,or dependence (involves physical dependence on drug, increases tolerance, w/drawl symptoms) on certain substances

A

substance related disorders

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15
Q

a substance that slows the activity of the CNS & in sufficient dosages causes a reduction of tension & inhibitions

(alcohol, sedative-hypnotic drugs, opiods)

A

depressants

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16
Q

a substance that increases the activity of the CNS

(cocaine + amphetamines, caffine)

A

stimulants

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17
Q

substances that primarily cause powerful changes in sensory perception, including strengthening a person’s perceptions, & producing illusions & hallucinations

(LSD, marijuana)

A

hallucinogens

aka: psychedelic drugs

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18
Q

a cognitive-behavioral approach to treating alcohol abuse that is similar to BSCT but also has ppl plan ahead for risky situations & rxns

A

relapse prevention

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19
Q

a cognitive-behavioral approach to treating alcohol abuse & dependence in w/c ppl are taught to:

1) keep track of/monitor their drinking behavior
2) apply coping strategies to situations that typically trigger excessive drinking
3) set appropriate limits
4) control rate of drinking
5) apply relaxation responses + coping behaviors

A

behavioral controlling training (BSCT)

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20
Q

lack of interest in sex

A

hypoactive sexual desire disorder

(desire disorder)

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21
Q

revulsion & avoidance of genital sexual interplay

A

sexual aversion disorder

(desire disorder)

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22
Q

inability to maintain lubrications/genital swelling during sex

A

female sexual arousal disorder

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23
Q

inability to maintain erection

A

male sexual arousal disorder

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24
Q

ejaculation b/4, on, or shortly after penetration & before he wishes it

A

premature ejaculation

(orgasmic disorder)

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25
absence or long delay in reaching orgasm following normal sexual excitement phase
female/male orgasmic disorder
26
involuntary contractions of vaginal muscles preventing intercouse
vaginismus (sexual pain disorder)
27
severe genital pain during sex
dyspareunia (sexual pain disorder)
28
disorder marked by a persistent inability to fxn normally in some area of the human sexual response cycle
sexual dysfunction
29
recurrent, intense sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors involving either nonhuman objects, children, non-consenting adults, or experiences of suffering/humiliation
paraphillias
30
recurrent, intense sexual urges, fantasies involve use of non-living object
fetishism
31
repeated, intense sexual urges, fantasies, or behaviors that involve dressing in clothes of the opposite sex
transvestic fetishism (transvestism, cross-dressing)
32
exposing self in sexual manner
exhibitionism
33
repeated, intense sexual desires/urges to secretly observe unsuspecting ppl as they undress or have sex
voyeurism
34
repeated, intense sexual desires/urges, fantasies, behaviors that involve touching or rubbing against a nonconsenting person
frotteurism
35
intense sexual fantasies about watching, touching, or engaging in sex w/ prepubescent children
pedophillia
36
repeated, intense sexual urges that invovle being humilitaed, beaten, bound, or made to suffer
sexual masochism
37
repeated, intense sexual urges that involve inflicting suffering on others
sexual sadism
38
persistent feelings of being uncomfortable about assigned sex strong wishes to be member of opposite sex sometimes undergoes sex-change operation males 2x more than females
gender-identity disorder (transexualism)
39
a psychotic disorder in w/c personal, social, & occupational fxning deteriorate as a result of strange perceptions, disturbed thought, processes, unusual emotions, & motor abnormalities ill for at least 6 mo. w/ at least 2 symptoms (delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized behavior, & (-) symptoms
schizophrenia
40
schizophrenia w/... persecutory delusions + auditory hallucinations, no (-) symptoms, disorganized speech or catatonic behavior
paranoid type
41
schizophrenia w/... delusions + hallucinations are less prominent than (-) symptoms + disorganized speech + behavior
disorganized type
42
schizophrenia w/... the cardinal symptoms of this subtype are excessively retarded or excited activity + bizarre behavior
catatonic type
43
these patients will have some or all of the 5 basic types of psychotic symptoms, but none dominate clinical picture
undifferentiated type
44
after an acute psychosis has marked improved, these patients still seem somewhat unusual, odd or peculiar
residual type
45
significant alterations in memory not due to clear physical causes
dissociative disorders
46
inability to recall important personal events + info
dissociative amnesia
47
person travels to a new location + may assume a new identity, simultaneously forgetting their past
dissociative fugue
48
person develops 2 or more distinct personalities
multiple personality disorder aka = dissociative identity disorder
49
a syndrome marked by severe problems in memory + at least 1 other cognitive fxn age: older age groups
dementia
50
most common, occurring after 65 yrs of agve
Alzheimer's Disease
51
caused by cerebrovascular accident, stroke that restricts blood flow
vascular dementia aka = multi-infarct dementia
52
neurological disease that affects the frontal & temporal lobes
Pick's Disease
53
cause by slow acting virus that may live in the body for years before the disease unfolds
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
54
inherited; progressive problems in cognition, emotions, + movement
Huntington's Disease
55
slow, progressive neurological disease, marked by tremors & rigidity, that may also cause dementia
Parkinson's Disease
56
very rigid pattern of inner experience & outward behavior that differs from the expectations of one's culture & leads to dysfxn onset in adolescence or early adulthood
personality disorder
57
pattern of extreme distrust + suspicion of others
paranoid (odd personality disorder)
58
persistent avoidance of social relationships + shows little emotional expression
schizoid (odd personality disorder)
59
interpersonal problems marked by extreme discomfort in close relationships, odd forms of thinking & perceiving + behavioral eccentricities
schizotypal (odd personality disorder)
60
disorder marked by a general pattern of disregard for + violation of the rights of other
antisocial (dramatic personality disorder)
61
disorder in w/c individual displays repeated instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, + mood, as well as extremely impulsive behavior
borderline (dramatic personality disorder)
62
disorder in w/c individual displays a pattern of excessive emotionally + attention seeking
histrionic (dramatic personality disorder)
63
disorder marked by a broad pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, + lack of empathy
narcissistic (dramatic personality disorder)
64
disorder in w/c an individual is consistently uncomfortable + restrained in social situations, overwhelmed by feelings of inadequacy, + extremely sensitive to (-) evaluation
avoidant personality disorder
65
pattern of clinging + obedience, fear of separation, + a persistent, excessive need to be taken care of
dependent personality disorder
66
disorder in w/c person is so focused on orderliness, perfectionism, + control that they lose flexibility, openness, + efficiency
obsessive personality disorder

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