Abnormal Psych Exam 1 (Chapters 1-4) Flashcards
what is psychopathology?
symptoms and signs of a mental disorder
what is psychosis
when one is out of contact with reality
syndrome
a group of symptoms that appear together and represent a specific disorder
harmful dysfunction
the inability of some internal mechanism to perform its natural function
flourishing
functioning at the highest level
epidemiology
the scientific study of the frequency and distribution of disorders within a population
incidence
the number of new cases of a disorder that appear in a population during a specific period of time
prevalence
the number of active cases in a population during a specific time
lifetime prevalence
total proportion of people in a given population who have been affected by the disorder at some point
major depression lifetime prevalence is ______
17%
what is psychiatry?
branch of medicine concerned with mental disorders, prescribe medication
what is clinical psychology?
the application of psychological science to the assessment and treatment of mental disorder
what is social work?
helping people achieve an effective level of functining
what was the first large state mental institution in the US?
the Massachusetts Lunatic Asylum in Worcester
case study
an in-depth look at the symptoms and circumstances of one person’s mental disturbance
etiology
the cause of mental disorder
paradigm
set of shared theoretical substance and common beliefs
biological paradigm
looks for biological cause for mental disorder
psychodynamic paradigm
abnormal behavior is caused by unconscious mental conflicts with roots in early childhood, Id, Ego, Superego
cognitive-behavioral paradigm
abnormal behavior is a product of learning, changing negative thought processes
humanistic paradigm
explicitly positive view of humanity
free will
we control, choose, and are responsible for our actions
determinism
the scientific assumption that human behavior is caused by potentially knowledgable factors
holism
whole is more than the sum of its part
soma
cell body
dendrites
receive messages from other cells
axon
truck of the neuron that transmits messages
synapse
small gap filled with fluid
neurotransmitters
chemical substances released into synapses
receptors
receive neurotransmitters
hindbrain
bodily function involved in sustaining life, regulation of sleep
midbrain
involved in the control of some motor activities, sleep regulation
forebrain
site of most sensory, emotional, and cognitive processes, limbic system, hypothalamus
psychophysiology
study of changes in functioning body that result from psychological experiences
the psychological factors that affect mental health are:
human nature, temperament, emotions, learning/cognition, sense of self
the social factors that affect mental health are:
close relationships, gender roles, and society
when do the benefits of therapy usually diminish?
after 1 to 2 years
categorical classification
assumes that distinctions are qualitative
dimensional classification
describes the objects of classification in terms of continuous dimensions
what are the 2 diagnostic systems used today?
DSM-5 and ICD-10
