Abnormal gait

Question 1

deviations secondary to hip impairments

Answer 1

Excessive femoral adduction and internal rotation
excessive hip abduction (circumduction)
Hip hike (ipsilateral, pelvis)
Insufficient hip extension

Question 2

Deviations secondary to trunk and pelvis impairments

Answer 2

excessive anterior pelvic tilt
Excessive transverse, pelvic rotation
Excessive posterior trunk
Excessive pelvic drop contralateral
Trunk lean

Question 3

excessive femoral adduction and internal rotation

Answer 3

ipsilateral, gluteusmedius or Maximus weakness
Excessive tibial, internal rotation, and or foot pronation

localized muscle weakness or inhibition
Poor motor control

Rotational stress to loaded meniscus
IT band friction

Question 4

Excessive hip abduction

Answer 4

hip flexor weakness
L2 L3 nerve dysfunction
Semi circle movement, combining hip flexion, abduction, and forward rotation of the pelvis

Question 5

hiphiking during swing

Answer 5

Lack of shortening of the swing limb secondary to reduce hip flexion, reduced knee flexion, and or lack of dorsiflexion

Functionally or anatomically short stance limb

Used to lift the foot of the swing limb off the ground and provide toe clearance

Question 6

insufficient hip extension

Answer 6

Lack of hip extension ROM

hip flexor tightness
Hip joint hypomobility

quadriceps overuse
Decreased stride length
Increased, pelvic motion, rotation

Question 7

excessive anterior pelvic tilt

Answer 7

Tight hip flexors
Limited hip extension ROM
Weak abs and gluteals

Localized, muscle weakness or tightness
Poor motor control

Compression of posterior spinal elements

Question 8

excessive transverse plane rotation

Answer 8

Increased rotation in TS
Tight hip flexors with lack of hip extension ROM
Weak abdominals
weak Gluteus maximus

Localized, muscle weakness, or motor control

Excessive shear on lumbar discs

Question 9

excessive posterior trunk

Answer 9

Hip flexion contracture
Hip pain
Hip extensors weakness

Hip OA

Lack of hip extension TS

Question 10

excessive contralateral pelvic drop

Answer 10

uncompensated Trendelenburg

Mild weakness, a gluteusmedius during stance

Localized muscle weakness/inhibition

Unilateral, lumbar facet compression

Question 11

uncompensated trunk lean

Answer 11

compensated Trendelenburg

Glut medius weakness
Inadequate ROM for limb clearance- Hip flexion, knee flexion, dorsiflexion

Hip knee or ankle OA

Leaning towards affected side