ABGs

Question 1

Our bodies are slightly

Answer 1

basic/alkaline

Question 2

The pH of the human body is

Answer 2

7.35 - 7.45

Question 3

Our endocrine system works by ______ feedback

Answer 3

negative

Question 4

If a patients pH is less than 7.35 they are

Answer 4

acidotic

Question 5

If a patients pH is more than 7.45 they are

Answer 5

alkalotic

Question 6

If a patient’s pCO2 is outside the range of 35-45 then the patient has a problem with

Answer 6

respiratory

Question 7

If a patient’s HCO3 is outside the range of 22-26 the patient has a problem with

Answer 7

metabolic

Question 8

Care for respiratory acidosis includes

Answer 8

elevate head of bed, suction, control of pain medications/naloxone, artificial airway, mechanical ventilation, bicarbonate (IV)

Question 9

Care for metabolic acidosis includes

Answer 9

Treat the cause, bicarbonate, dialysis

Question 10

The causes for metabolic acidosis include

Answer 10

diabetic ketoacidosis, renal failure, liver failure, starvation, lack of oxygen, severe diarrhea, overdose of salicylate (aspirin)

Question 11

The cause of respiratory acidosis include

Answer 11

depressed ventilation
lung diseases
suffocation
head injury
oversedation
respiratory paralysis

Question 12

Causes of respiratory alkalosis

Answer 12

hyperventilation
(anxiety, fear, PE)
mechanical ventilation

Question 13

causes of metabolic alkalosis

Answer 13

Loss of acid leaving to much base
Vomiting, GI suction
Decreased bicarbonate
Diuretic causing loss thru kidneys
Excessive intake
Antacids
Bicarbonate (baking soda)

Question 14

care for respiratory alkalosis

Answer 14

slow down assisted ventilation, calm anxiety, treat pain, fever, breath into paper bag

Question 15

care for metabolic alkalosis

Answer 15

Diamox – increase excretion of bicarbonate
Reduce excessive intake
Replacement fluids for vomiting/GI suctioning

Question 16

Tests for Addison’s disease

Answer 16

pituitary - ACTH

adrenal - Cortisol, blood glucose (low), electrolytes (Na low) BUN/HCT (elevated) ACTH stimulation test

Question 17

Tests for Cushing’s disease

Answer 17

pituitary - ACTH

adrenal - Cortisol, 24-hr urine

Question 18

signs and symptoms of Addison’s

Answer 18

hypotension
hyponatremia
hypoglycemia
weakness
fatigue
bronze skin
NV
anorexia/emaciation

Question 19

Therapeutic interventions for Cushing’s disease

Answer 19

surgery if tumor
every-other-day for steroid therapy, 
symptom control,
diabetes treatment,
low sodium, high potassium diet.

Question 20

Therapeutic interventions for Addison’s disease

Answer 20

Patients with confirmed primary adrenal insufficiency - treated with glucocorticoid therapy.