ABG Phan Flashcards
If there is an increased in pH than what will happen to H+
H will decrease
How long is the acid base mechanism of the kidneys, in regards to HCO3?
24 hours. Excretes and reabsorbes
How long does the control mechanism take in the lungs, in regards to CO2?
Minutes.
Why do we avoid doing ABG’s at the brachial after in obese patients?
Difficulty attaining homeostasis, increased potential for bleeding, and takes longer to clot.
Why dont we do ABG’s on femoral artery?
Increased rate of hematoma, infection, and thrombus.
Used as last resort.
What is the angle used when obtaining an ABG at the radial or brachial site?
30-60 degrees.
60-90 for femoral.
What are some complications from A lines?
Bleeding, infection Thrombus, NV impairment Loss of limb.
What acid does the resp system produce?
CO2
What is a substance that accepts H ions in a solution?
Base
In acidosis what will H and HCO3 look like?
Excessive H
HCO3 low
Increased CO2 and shallow breathing will result in what?
Respiratory acidosis. Due to hypoventilation.
What are some causes of respiratory acidosis?
Always think hypoventilaion. Drug OD Chest trauma Pulmonary edema COPD Sedation Neuromuscular disease
A decrease in CO2 will result in what?
Respiratory alkalosis
Hyperventilation
What are some other causes of resp alk?
Increased CO2 due to hyperventilation. Anxiety High altitudes Preg Fever Hypoxia Excessive tidal volumes
What are some causes of metabolic acidosis?
DKA Diarrhea Renal failure Shock Salicylate OD Sepsis
Why would diarrhea cause met acidosis?
Lose HCO3.
Ass-adosis
Why would renal failure cause met acidosis?
Can’t reabsorbe HCO3. So only acid left.
Why would shock lead to met acidosis?
Decreased BP, vasoconstriction, cell lyes and release K
Why would salicylate OD lead to met acid?
Build up of acidic toxins
Why would sepsis lead to met acid?
Decreased BP, vasoconstriction, cell lyse releasing K
Is K acidic or alkalinic?
Acidic
What are some causes of metabolic alkalosis?
Loss of gastric secreations (NG suction taking acids away)
Overuse of antacids (too much HCO3)
K wasting diuretics (lasix, losing too much acid, base left)
If the pH and HCO3 fall in the same column than the problem is?
Metabolic
If the pH and CO2 fall in the same column than the problem is?
Respiratory
