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Pulm > ABG and Miscellaneous Importance > Flashcards

ABG and Miscellaneous Importance Flashcards

1
Q

Normal PCO2

A

35-45

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2
Q

Normal PO2

A

90-100

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3
Q

Normal HCO3-

A

22-28

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4
Q

Hypoxemia

A

Amount of O2 in the blood

Normal > 95%
Mild 90-95%
Moderate 80-90%
Severe

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5
Q

Hypoxia

A

The amount of O2 in tissues

Normal 80-100
Mild 60-80
Moderate 50-60
Severe

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6
Q

Present obstruction

A

FEV1 and FEV1/FVC = decreased
RV = increased
TLC = normal or increased

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7
Q

Reversible obstruction

A

Look for improvement in FEV1 or FEV1/FVC

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8
Q

Present restrictive disease

A

TLC = decreased

RV, VC, and FRC = usually decreased

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9
Q

Combined disorder

A

Anything that trends differently from obstructive or restrictive presentation

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10
Q

Isolated gas exchange abnormality

A

Normal PFT with decreased DLCO

Could be an early sign of interstitial lung disease, vasculitis, PE, or anemia

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11
Q

Egophany

A

E sounds like A

Indicative of consolidation

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12
Q

Broncophany

A

99

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13
Q

Whispered pectoriloquy

A

1, 2, 3

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14
Q

Tactile or verbal fremitus

A

Ulnar surface while saying 99

Increased = consolidation
Decreased = a lot of air flow
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15
Q

Resonant

A

Loud, low-pitched

Heard over air-filled organs (lungs)

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16
Q

Hyperresonant

A

Very low pitched

Heard over tissue with decreased density (diseased lungs, emphysema)

17
Q

Tympanic

A 
High-pitched
Hollow organs (stomach)
18
Q

Dull

A

Low amplitude medium to high pitch

Heard over solid organs (liver)

19
Q

Flat

A

High pitch

Heard over muscle mass

20
Q

Surfactant

A

Does not let the lung collapse or over-expand during inhalation

21
Q

Direct relationship between pH and PCO2

A

Metabolic

22
Q

Indirect relationship between pH and PCO2

A

Respiratory

23
Q

Primary respiratory

A

Indirect relationship between pH and PCO2

24
Q

Primary metabolic

A

Direct relationship between pH and PCO2

25
Q

Acute respiratory

A

HCO3- normal

26
Q

Chronic respiratory

A

HCO3- abnormal

27
Q

Acute v chronic using PCO2 values

A

Per 10 change

pH decreased 0.08 ACUTE
pH decrease 0.03 CHRONIC

28
Q

Compensated

A

pH normal

PCO2 abnormal

29
Q

Partially compensated

A

pH abnormal

PCO2 abnormal

30
Q

Uncompensated

A

pH abnormal

PCO2 normal

31
Q

What findings would you expect with CONSOLIDATION

A

Observation…

Decreased chest excursion
Tachypnic
If severe, cyanosis

Palpation…

Increased fremitus

Mediate percussion…

Dull

Auscultation…

Wheezing
Egophany
Whispered pectoriloquy
Crackles

32
Q

What findings would you expect with EMPHYSEMA

A

Observation…

Barrel chest (A/P increased excursion)
Tachypnic
Pursed lip breathing to keep alveoli open
If advanced, accessory mm use

Palpation…

Decreased fremitus

Mediate percussion…

Hyperresonant

Auscultation…

Crackles
Adventitious

33
Q

What findings would you expect with BRONCHITIS

A

Observation…

Varies

Palpation…

Increased fremitus due to increased secretions

Mediate percussion…

Dull

Auscultation…

Wheezes

34
Q

What findings would you expect with PNEUMOTHORAX

A

Observation…

Decreased chest excursion
Respiratory distress
Cyanosis
Tachypnic
Tracheal deviation to side of decreased pressure (opposite side)

Palpation…

Decreased fremitus

Mediate percussion….

Hyperresonant

Auscultation…

Decreased or absent breath sounds
Broncophany
Egophany

35
Q

ABG pH of 7.4

A

BE SUSPICIOUS OF ORIGIN

36
Q

Normal pH

A

7.35-7.45

37
Q

Respiratory failure

A

PCO2 > 50

Pulm (10 decks)

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