ABEM Recert Exam pt. 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What heart murmur is associated with hemoptysis?

A

Mitral stenosis

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2
Q

What is the pathophysiology of HAPE?

A

Pulmonary vasocontriction –> pulmonary HTN –> pulmonary edema

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3
Q

What are the risk factors for developing TRALI (transfusion associated lung injury)?

A

SIRS/Sepsis
Trauma
Massive transfusion

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4
Q

How does the application of ice packs affect myasthenia gravis?

A

Improves it

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5
Q

Most drownings are (dry/wet) drownings

A

90% are wet

Causes a deficiency of surfactant and atalectasis

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6
Q

Pathophysiology of wet drownings

A

Deficiency of surfactant and atalectasis

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7
Q

Biomarker for ovarian CA

A

CA 125

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8
Q

Biomarker for colorectal CA

A

CEA

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9
Q

Biomarker for pancreatic CA

A

CA 19-9

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10
Q

Meniere’s disease rx

A

Salt restriction

Diuretics

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11
Q

What is seen with CN III palsy?

A

Eye is down and out
If pupil is spared, it’s usually from ischemia
If pupil is involved, it’s usually from herniation

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12
Q

What is seen with CN IV palsy?

A

Vertical diplopia (eyes can’t move upward together)

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13
Q

What is seen with CN VI palsy?

A

Can’t abduct eye (can’t move outward)

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14
Q

Causes of SAH

A
  1. Ruptured aneurysm (most common is anterior communicating artery in Circle of Willis)
  2. Leaking AVM
  3. Peri-mesencephalic bleed
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15
Q

What vessel is most often involved in SAH from ruptured aneurysm?

A

Anterior communicating artery in Circle of Willis

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16
Q

Si/sx of Wernicke’s encephalopathy

A

Classic triad is:

  1. Confusion
  2. Ataxia
  3. Ophthalmoplegia
17
Q

Cause of Wernicke’s encephalophathy

A

Thiamine (vit B1) deficiency

18
Q

Where are most ectopic pregnancies located?

A

In the ampulla of the fallopian tubes (called ampullary ectopics)

19
Q

Two types of urethral injuries and causes of each

A

Anterior (usually from direct trauma to urethra, like straddle injuries)
Posterior (usually from pelvic fractures)

20
Q

Acute mechanical complications in recent post MI patient

A
  1. Rupture of LV free wall
  2. Rupture of intraventricular septum
  3. Acute mitral regurgitation