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GI Test 2 > Abdominopelvic Autonomics > Flashcards

Abdominopelvic Autonomics Flashcards

1
Q

sympathetic parietal structures innervation

head, upper limb, chest

A

T1-T6

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2
Q

sympathetic parietal structures innervation

abdominal body wall

A

T7-T11

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3
Q

sympathetic parietal structures innervation

lower limb

A

T11-L2 (3)

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4
Q

sympathetic visceral structures innervation

head, salivary glands

A

T1-T3 or T4

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5
Q

sympathetic visceral structures innervation

eye

A

T1-T2

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6
Q

sympathetic visceral structures innervation

heart, lungs, esophagus

A

T4-T6

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7
Q

sympathetic visceral structures innervation

stomach, liver, GB, pancreas

A

T6-T9

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8
Q

sympathetic visceral structures innervation

appendix, colon

A

T10-T11

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9
Q

sympathetic visceral structures innervation

small bowel

A

T7-T10

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10
Q

sympathetic visceral structures innervation

rectum, bladder, uterus

A

T12-L2 (L3)

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11
Q

sympathetic visceral structures innervation

kidney

A

T10-L1

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12
Q

sympathetic visceral structures innervation

suprarenal gland

A

T6-L2

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13
Q

sympathetic presynaptic neuron path

A

1) cell body of presynaptic neuron in IML
2) anterior (motor) root of spinal nerve
3) mixed spinal nerve
4) anterior ramus of spinal nerve
5) white ramus communicans
6) autonomic (paravertebral ganglion)

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14
Q

sympathetic postsynaptic neuron path

A
  • postsynpatic fibers exit sympathetic trunks laterally via gray rami communicans
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15
Q

sympathetic innervation lower limb

A

1) IML (T12-L2/3)
2) sympathetic trunk
3) fibers take descend option
4) synapses occur in lower lumbar and sacral portions of sympathetic trunk
5) postsynaptic fibers via gray rami communicans to adjacent L2-S3 anterior rami (roots of lumbosacral plexus

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16
Q

sympathetic innervation lower limb functions

A
  • vasomotion (constriction)
  • sudomotion (sweat)
  • pilomotion (goosebumps)
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17
Q

sympathetic innervation upper limb

A

1) IML T1-T6
2) sympathetic trunk
3) fibers take ascend option
4) synpase in middle and inf cervical ganglion
5) postsynpatic fibers pass via gray rami communicans to adjacent C5-T1 anterior rami (roots of brachial plexus)

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18
Q

superior cervical ganglion location

A

bifurcation of common carotid into internal and external carotid

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19
Q

middle cervical ganglion location

A

near level of thyroid

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20
Q

stellate ganglion

A

-fusion of inf cervical and T1 ganglion

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21
Q

Horner syndrome

A
  • inhibit sympathetic innervation to head (superior cervical ganglion-> internal and external carotid plexus)
    1) pupillary constriction
    2) ptosis
    3) anhydrosis
    4) flushing
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22
Q

gray rami communicans

A

to all 31 spinal nerves
• arise as lateral branches
• carry postsynaptic fibers to body

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23
Q

cephalic arterial rami

A

to periarterial plexuses of carotid arteries
• arise from cervical ganglia
• postsynaptic fibers to head for distribution via periarterial plexuses
– produce: vasomotion, sudomotion, and
pilomotion

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24
Q

Cardiopulmonary splanchnics: Functions in Lung

A 
• Inhibitory to bronchial
muscle (bronchodilator)
• Motor to the pulmonary
vessels (vasoconstrictor)
• Inhibitory to the alveolar
glands
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25
Q

Cardiopulmonary splanchnics: Functions in Heart

A 
• Increases heart rate 
• Increases impulse
conduction
• Increases force of
contraction
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26
Q

Cardiopulmonary splanchnics:Functions in Coronary Blood Vessels

A

• Beta-2 receptors cause
relaxation of smooth
muscle

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27
Q

Abdominopelvic splanchnic nerve

A
  • pass through paravertebral ganglia without synapsing

- synapse on prevertrebral ganglia

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28
Q

Prevertebral ganglia for abdominopelvic splanchnics (post synaptic fibers)

A

1) celiac ganglia
2) sup. mesenteric
3) inf. mesenteric
4) aorticorenal

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29
Q

abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves (pre synaptic)

A

1) greater splanchnic (T5-9)
2) lesser (T10-T11)
3) least (T12)

30
Q

what does greater splanchnic synapse with?

A

celiac ganglion

31
Q

what does lesser splanchnic synapse with?

A

sup. mesenteric ganglion

32
Q

what does least splanchnic synapse with?

A

aorticorenal ganglion

33
Q

what does lumbar splanchnic synapse with?

A

inf. mesenteric ganglion

34
Q

where do cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerves synapse?

A

-paravertebral ganglia

35
Q

where do abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves synapse?

A

-prevertebral ganglia

36
Q

where are cell bodies of sympathetic post synaptic fibers found?

A

1) paravertebral ganglia- except abdmoinopelvic viscera 2)prevertebral ganlgia- fibers distributed to abdominopelvic viscera

37
Q

innervation of suprarenal glands

A
  • pass through paravertebral and prevertebral ganglia without synapsing
  • synapse directly on secretory cells of medulla
  • release NE
38
Q

what is the embryo origin of medulla and postsynaptic neurons

A

neural crest cells

39
Q

what does the parasympaethic (craniosacral) NS consist of?

A
  • presynaptic neurons through cranial nerves, and ant roots of s2-s4, and postsynaptic neurons
  • CN 3,7,9,10 and pelvic splanchnic nerves
40
Q

what are the presynaptic fibers of the parasympathetic NS

A

1) cranial nerves (3,7,9,10)

2) ant roots of spinal nerves (S2-S4) (pelvic splanchnics)

41
Q

what are the post synaptic fibers of parasympathetic NS

A

1) trunk (intrinsic/ enteric)

2) head (ciliary, otic, pterygopalatine, submandibular)

42
Q

what does CN III synapse with?

A

ciliary ganglion- in orbit (accommodation)

43
Q

what does CN IX synapse with?

A

otic ganglion- to parotid salivary gland

44
Q

what does CN VII synapse with?

A
  • pterygopalatine ganglion- to nasal and palate

- submandibular ganglion (to submandibular/sublingual salivary glands)

45
Q

functions of postsynaptic parasympathetics

A 
• Constriction of the
pupil
• Accommodation
• Serous secretions from
the lacrimal gland
(tears)
• Serous secretions from
the salivary glands
46
Q

Distribution of Parasympathetic Nervous System

A

– internal organs and glands of head & body cavities
– except for the erectile tissue of the external
genitalia, does NOT go to body wall or limbs.
– except for the initial parts of S2 - S4,
parasympathetics are never components of spinal
nerves or their peripheral branches

47
Q

the sympathetic NS produces

A

1) vasomotion
2) sudomotion
3) pilomotion

48
Q

The parasympathetic system:

A
  • is most active in controlling vision
  • is the primary stimulator of the GI tract
  • is active in elimination (defecation, urination)
49
Q

Visceral afferent (sensory) fiber

A

Receptors for

pain and reflexes

50
Q

Visceral motor (autonomic) fibers

A

Smooth muscle
Mod. cardiac mm.
Glands

51
Q

what does Physiologic receptors (innocuous input) (homeostasis)
travel with?

A

parasympathetics

52
Q

what does pain travel with above pelvic pain line?

A

sympathetics

53
Q

what does pain travel with below pelvic pain line?

A

parasympathetics

54
Q

what is boundary of pelvic pain line?

A

middle of sigmoid colon

55
Q

what is boundary of thoracic pain line?

A

plane of sternal angle (T4-5)

56
Q

what does pain travel with above thoracic pain line?

A

parasympathetics

57
Q

Acute abdomen pain duration

A

<3 days duration

58
Q

Chronic abdominal pain duration

A

> 3 weeks

59
Q

Subacute abdomen pain duration

A

3 days to 3 weeks

60
Q

Visceral pain

A
  • Diffuse and poorly localized
  • Often referred to somatic regions
  • Injury to internal organs and tissues that support them
61
Q

Somatic pain

A

• Well localized
• Caused by injury to skin, muscles, bone, joint and
connective tissues
-Also get somatic pain if organ starts to irritate parietal peritoneum **
Ex= gallbladder and appendix

62
Q

Parietal Pain

A

-caused by irritation of
fibers that innervate the parietal peritoneum
-can be
localized to the dermatome superficial to the site
of the painful stimulus.

63
Q

Visceral Pain

A

can be localized by the
sensory cortex to an approximate spinal
cord level determined by the embryologic
origin of the organ involved.

64
Q

where do foregut organs cause pain

A

epigastric region
T6-9
T8-T10 for Small intestine

65
Q

where do midgut organs cause pain?

A

periumbilical pain
T8-10
some of T11

66
Q

where do hindgut organs cause pain?

A 
suprapubic or hypogastric area.
T11
T12-L1
L2(3)
S2
S4
67
Q

where does pain from liver, gallbladder, duodenum refer to?

A

shoulder (right) if they irritate diaphragm

68
Q

where does liver and gallbladder pain refer to?

A

RUQ or can go to back

69
Q

where does appendix pain refer to?

A

starts at umbilical region to RLQ

70
Q

where can pain from retroperitoneal structures refer to?

A

back

71
Q

Colicky Pain

A

• Intermittent cramp-like pain
• Caused by obstruction of
hollow muscular viscus

GI Test 2 (10 decks)

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