Abdominal Wall and Peritoneal Structures Flashcards
What are the muscle layers of the abdomen? (superficial to deep)
External abdominal oblique m.
Internal abdominal oblique m.
Rectus abdominis m.
Which muscle does the rectus sheath cover?
Rectus abdominus
What is the linea alba?
midventral raphe; continuous with the prepubic tendon.
What serous membranes envelop the organs of the abdomen?
peritoneum
What membrane are abdominal organs lined with?
Visceral peritoneum
What organ is retroperitoneal?
Kidneys because they reside outside of the abdominopelvic cavity
What are the ways fold in peritoneum can be named?
Omenta
Mesenteries
Ligaments
What and where is the greater omentum?
Visceral pleura
attaches to the greater curvature of the stomach to dorsal body wall
Encompasses left lobe of pancreas
Where is the lesser omentum?
Connects the lesser curvature of the stomach to the hilus of the liver.
What is the purpose of the mesentery?
Suspends the intestines from body wall, an contains neurovascular and lymphatic structures.
What connects the mesentery to the dorsal abdominal wall?
root of the mesentery
what is the inguinal canal?
natural slit between the abdominal muscles
What peritoneum extends through the inguinal canal?
Male: vaginal tunic (spermatic cord)
Female: Vaginal process
What is the pararectal fossa?
pouch between the dorsal body wall and rectum
What is Rectogenital fossa?
pouch between rectum and reproductive organs
What is vesiculogenital pouch?
pouch between reproductive organs and urinary bladder
What is pubovesicular pouch?
pouch between urinary bladder and ventral abdomen
Where does the esophagus run?
through thorax within the mediastinum and to the abdomen via the esophageal hiatus
Where does the liver occupy?
caudal diaphragm
cranial stomach
Where does the esophagus enter the stomach?
At the cardia of the stomach
after ingesta passes through the fundus of the stomach, where does it exit?
The pylorus.
What regulates ingesta movement into the duodenum?
Pyloric sphincter
what is the duodenum?
Proximal part of small intestine where bile from gallbladder and enzymes from pancreas
How is the spleen attached to the stomach?
gastrosplenic ligament
After the duodenum, where does ingesta go?
The jejunum
What is the longest portion of the small intestine?
The jejunum
what is the short termination of the small intestine?
Ileum
What is found at the junction of the ileum and the colon?
The cecum
What separates the non-glandular and glandular portions of the equine stomach?
Margo plicatus
What prevents a horse from vomiting?
Sharp angle of the esophagus and well developed cardiac sphincter.
What studied animal has no gallbladder?
Horse
Why is the cecum of the horse larger?
modified to allow fermentation
What is the colon designed to do in the horse?
Fluid absorption
WHat ligament is special to the horse?
Nephrosplenic ligament;
Ligament between spleen and left kidney
What is the largest chamber of the ruminant stomach?
The rumen
What chamber of the ruminant stomach gives a shag like carpet?
The rumen
What chamber lies cranial to rumen? What appearacne does it give off?
The reticulum
Honeycomb
Where is the omasum located?
right of rumen and reticulum
with large sheets of mucosae aka laminae
What does the omasum do?
reabsorption water
What allows milk to skip the chambers straight to omasum?
The milk groove
What is the only glandular portion of the ruminant stomach?
abomasum
Where are the small and large intestines found in a ruminant?
Right flank region
