Abdominal Wall

Question 1

4 quadrant pattern

Answer 1

R and L, U and L (sagittal and transumbilical planes)

Question 2

9 quadrant pattern

Answer 2

R and L hypochonrium, flank/lumbar, groin, M epigastric, umbilical, pubic (sucostal, intertububercular, midcalvicular)

Question 3

direction of transversus abdominis

Answer 3

horizontally and meets at linea alba

Question 4

rectus abdominis

Answer 4

w/i rectus sheath, vertical lower ribs to pubic bone, crossed by tendinous intersections

Question 5

superior umbilical vs. inferior umbilical

Answer 5

(splits at arcuate line) IO splits anterior and posterior vs. TA/IO/EO all anterior

Question 6

order of rectus sheath

Answer 6

PP, TF, TA, IO [RA, RA] EO SC S

Question 7

male development of inguinal canal

Answer 7

1. testes develop in lumbar region and descend b/w TF and peritoneum
2. pulls layer of abd wall down as it descends down to scrotum
3. processus vaginalis becomes destroyed and leaves tunica vaginalis to surround testis

Question 8

female development of inguinal canal

Answer 8

1. ovaries develop, descend lumbar –> pelvis
2. process vaginalis obliterated
3. gubernaculum attached to uterus to form ligament of ovary and round ligament of uterus

Question 9

layers of testes

Answer 9

TV. incred (viscera/parietal tunica vaginalis, internal spermadic fascia, cremaster muscle, external spermadic fascia, dartos, skin)

Question 10

previous names of layers before surrounding testes

Answer 10

PP, TF, TA, IO, EO, SF, S

Question 11

hiatal hernia

Answer 11

stomach passes through diaphragm