Abdominal Wall

Question 1

Protrusion of tissue through a defect in fascial and or muscular layers that normally contains it

Answer 1

Hernia

Question 2

Main concern for hernia

Answer 2

strangulation

Question 3

herniation of antimesenteric border of the bowel through the fascial defect

Answer 3

richter hernia

Question 4

Herniation of the Meckel’s diverticulum

Answer 4

Littre hernia

Question 5

Ipsilateral concurrent, direct and indirect inguinal herniation

Answer 5

Pantaloon Hernia

Question 6

Herniation of two loops of bowel in the sac

Answer 6

Maydl Hernia

Question 7

Herniation of the vermiform appendix

Answer 7

Amyand Hernia

Question 8

Herniation of abdominal contents through the back (superior lumbar triangle)

Answer 8

Grynfeltt- Lesshaft hernia

Question 9

Herniation of abdominal contents through the back (inferior lumbar triangle)

Answer 9

Petit Hernia

Question 10

Herniation of abdominal contents through the anterior aspect of the diaphragm (via foramen of Morgagni)

Answer 10

Morgagni Hernia

Question 11

Herniation of abdominal contents through the posterolateral aspect of the diaphragm

Answer 11

Bochdalek Hernia

Question 12

Also known as lateral ventral hernia ; Herniation through the linea semilunaris (Spigelian line) along the arcuate line

Answer 12

Spigelian Hernia

Question 13

Oburator Hernia

Answer 13

Howship-Romberg sign and Hannington Kiff Sign

Question 14

Central defect in the linea alba due to failure of the umbilical ring to close

Answer 14

Umbilical hernia

Question 15

persistence of this tract results in a communication between the bladder and the umbilicus

Answer 15

Patent Urachus

Question 16

First sign of patent urachus

Answer 16

urine flow from the umbilicus

Question 17

communication between the intestine (often Meckel diverticulum)

Answer 17

patent vitelline duct

Question 18

Cantrell’s Pentalogy (5)

Answer 18

lower thoracic wall malformation
ectopia cordis
epigastric omphalocele
anterior midline diaphragmatic hernia
cardiac anomalies

Question 19

Beckwith-Wiedemann (5)

Answer 19

macroglossia
omphalocele
hypoglycemia
macrosomia
visceromegaly

Question 20

defect in the abdominal wall in which the bowel and solid viscera are covered by peritoneum and amniotic membrane

Answer 20

Omphalocele

Question 21

Lax of abdominal musculature, dilated urinary tract and bilateral undescended testes

Answer 21

Prune Belly Syndrome

Question 22

Separation of the rectus abdominis muscle ; characteristic bulging of the abdominal wall in the epigastrium

Answer 22

Rectus abdominis Diastasis (Diastasis Recti)

Question 23

1. Pain usually increases with contraction of the rectus muscles
2. What artery is disrupted in this condition?
3. Sign?

Answer 23

1.Rectus Hematoma
2. Inferior epigastric artery
3. Fothergills sign

Question 24

Portal Triad

Answer 24

Common Bile Duct
Portal vein
Hepatic Artery

Question 25

Most omental masses are considered

Answer 25

Metastatic

Question 26

Most common cancer with omental involvement

Answer 26

Ovarian Cancer

Question 27

Idiopathic fibrosis of the mesentery affecting the hollow organs as well as mesenteric vessels

Answer 27

Sclerosing Mesenteritis

Question 28

Disruption of the lymphatics either by trauma, mechanical obstruction or congenital lymphatic malformation

Answer 28

Mesenteric Cysts

Question 29

In which condition can you find Tillaux Sign?

Answer 29

Mesenteric Cysts

Question 30

Differentiate mesenteric cysts vs omental cysts

Answer 30

omental cysts - moves in all directions
oment”ALL”

mesenteric cysts - laterally

Question 31

most common malignant neoplasm of the mesentery

Answer 31

lymphoma