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Anatomy > Abdominal Vessels > Flashcards

Abdominal Vessels Flashcards

1
Q

What is significant about the Hepatic Portal Vein?

A

It is not a true vein.

It carries nutrient-rich blood from the GIT and spleen to the liver and not directly to the heart. Blood from the GIT containing both nutrients and toxins arise through the HPV to the liver, which is responsible for filtering the blood.

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2
Q

The short yet significant vessel that has three branches, and arises from the aorta just as it enters the abdomen at approximately the level of the T12 vertebra is known as:

A

Celiac trunk / celiac artery

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3
Q

The Celiac Artery/Celiac Trunk divides into three main arteries that supply the abdominal organs of the foregut. Name these arteries.

A

Left Gastric Artery (LGA)
Splenic Artery (SA)
Common Hepatic Artery (CHA)

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4
Q

Arising from the anterior surface of the abdominal aorta. Immediately below the aortic hiatus of the diaphragm. Name this structure.

A

Celiac Trunk / Celiac Artery

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5
Q

Which is the smallest branch of the Celiac Trunk / Artery?

A

Left Gastric Artery (LGA)

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6
Q

Explain the supply of the Left Gastric Artery (LGA)

A

Ascends slightly until it reaches the lesser curvature of the stomach. It then descends the lesser curvature (LC) of the stomach. It gives off several small branches. About midway along the LC meets in anastomosis with Right Gastric Artery (RGA)

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7
Q

At the cardioesophageal junction the LGA gives off some small branches that supply the abdominal part of the oesophagus know as:

A

The oesophageal branches of the Left Gastric Artery (LGA)

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8
Q

Describe the oesphageal hiatus of the diaphragm

A

Opening / hole in diaphragm that serves to allow structures to pass through

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9
Q

Which structures pass through the oesphageal hiatus?

A

The oesophagus, anterior and the posterior vagal trunk, esophageal branches of the LGA and vein, and some lymphatic vessels.

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10
Q

Which is the largest branch of the celiac trunk?

A

The Splenic Artery (SA)

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11
Q

Describe the location and supply of the splenic artery (SA)

A

Heads laterally to the left along the superior boarder of the pancreas, finally giving off numerous small branches which enter the hilum of the spleen

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12
Q

Which of the three main arteries branching off the celiac trunk also give off some smaller branches that supply the neck, body and tail of the pancreas?

A

The Splenic Artery (SA)

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13
Q

From which main artery do the Short Gastric Arteries (SGA) arise and what do they primarily supply?

A

The Splenic Artery gives off small branches called SGA that supply the fundus of the stomach

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14
Q

As the terminal branches of the Splenic Artery (SA) approaches the hilum of the spleen, it gives off a couple of short branches called:

A

The Short Gastric Arteries (SGA).

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15
Q

What are the three main structures that the SA supplies in order of occurrence

A

Pancreas, fundus, spleen, left greater curvature of the stomach

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16
Q

What is significant about the Left Gastroomental Artery and where does it arise?

A

Arises from the terminal end of the Splenic Artery (SA), before it enters the spleen. It follows the greater curvature of the stomach down and towards the right, where it anastamoses with the Right Gastroomental Artery.

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17
Q

Describe the greater omentum

A

Largest fold of visceral peritoneum in the abdominal cavity

18
Q

What is viscera?

A
19
Q

Describe the peritoneum / peritoneal cavity

A
20
Q

Of the three main arteries that branch off the celiac trunk, name the artery that ascends to the right towards the liver.

A

Common Hepatic Artery (CHA)

21
Q

Which artery branches off the celiac trunk and ascends to the right?

A

Common Hepatic Artery (CHA)

22
Q

Name the two terminal branches of the Common Hepatic Artery (CHA)

A

Proper Hepatic Artery (PHA)
Gastroduodenal Artery (GDA)

23
Q

Describe the Proper Hepatic Artery (PHA)

A

Arises from the CHA and ascends towards the liver, just anterior to the Portal Vein

24
Q

The Common Hepatic Artery has two terminal branches. One ascends towards the liver, just anterior to the Portal Vein. Name this artery.

A

Proper Hepatic Artery (PHA)

25
Q

The Proper Hepatic Artery has the following branches:

A
  • Right Gastric Artery (descending)
  • Right and left branch of PHA
    Ascending towards the liver it bifurcates into two branches - Right and Left branch of PHA. Supply liver with O2 blood.
    Right branch of PHA gives of branch called cystic artery (supplies GB). Important for safe cholecystectomy.
26
Q

The Right Gastric Artery passes from …….. along the ………. curvature of the stomach and anastomoses with the ………….

A

The Right Gastric Artery passes from right to left, (lateral to medial) along the lesser curvature of the stomach and anastomoses with the Left Gastric Artery

27
Q

The Proper Hepatic Artery (PHA) & the Gastroduodenal Artery (GDA) both arise from which artery?

A

Common Hepatic Artery (CHA)

28
Q

The right branch of Proper Hepatic Artery (PHA) gives of small but important branch called:

A

Cystic Artery (CA).
Supplies the GB. small but important implications for safe cholecystectomy

29
Q

From which main artery does the Cystic Artery (CA) arise?

A

The Right Proper Hepatic Artery (RPHA)

30
Q

The Right Proper Hepatic Artery (RPHA) gives rise to which important branch?

A

Cystic Artery (CA)

31
Q

The Gastroduodenal Artery (GA) arises from which main artery?

A

Common Hepatic Artery (CHA)

32
Q

The Gastroduodenal Artery (GA) has two terminal branches, they are:

A
  • Right gastroomental artery
  • Anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
33
Q

Another name for the Right gastroomental Artery (RGA)

A

Right gastroepiploic artery

34
Q

The Right gastroomental Artery (RGA) supplies which structures?

A

It supplies both the anterior and posterior surface of the stomach.

35
Q

Describe the Right Gastroomental Artery (RGA). i.e. origin, pathway.

A

Arising from the gastroduodenal artery (GA), which arises from the Common Hepatic Artery (CHA) it passes to the left along the greater curvature of the stomach and anastomoses with the left gastroomental artery (LGA), which is a branch of the splenic artery.

36
Q

The Anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery arises from which main artery?

A

Gastroduodenal artery (GA), which arises from the common hepatic artery (CHA)

37
Q

Which structures does the Anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal artery supply?

A

Duodenum and pancreas

38
Q

Name the largest vein in the human body

A

Inferior Vena Cava (IVC)

39
Q

The inferior vena cava and the hepatic portal vein both sit on which side of the aorta?

A

The right. Think liver, on the right, hepatic portal vein, supplies the liver. Vena cava along side.

40
Q

What is the name of the arteries in the abdominal cavity supplying the diaphragm?

A

Inferior phrenic arteries. They vary in location.

Anatomy (9 decks)

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