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Anatomy > Abdominal Pain Anatomy > Flashcards

Abdominal Pain Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

The intestines are made up of the ____ intestines and the ____ intestines.

A

The intestines are made up of the small intestines and the large intestines.

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2
Q

Approximately how many meters long is the small intestine?

A

7m

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3
Q

The small intestines are made up of which 3 structures?

A

The duodenum
The jejunum
The ileum

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4
Q

What is made up by the duodenum, the jejunum and the ileum?

A

The small intestines.

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5
Q

The large intestine, from proximal to distal, is made up of:

A

The colon
The rectum
The anal canal
The anus

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6
Q

The colon consists of:

A 
Caecum
Appendix
Ascending colon
Transverse colon
Descending colon
Sigmoid colon
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7
Q

The appendix is part of the ____ intestines.

A

The appendix is part of the large intestines.

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8
Q

The caecum, the appendix. the ascending, transverse, descending and sigmoid colon are all part of the ______ intestines?

A

The caecum, the appendix. the ascending, transverse, descending and sigmoid colon are all part of the large intestines?

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9
Q

What structure is between the stomach and jejunum?

A

The duodenum.

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10
Q

What structure is between the ascending and descending colon?

A

The transverse colon.

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11
Q

The liver is in the:

Foregut/Midgut/Hindgut.

A

Foregut.

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12
Q

The spleen is in the:

Foregut/Midgut/Hindgut.

A

Foregut.

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13
Q

The gallbladder is in the:

Foregut/Midgut/Hindgut.

A

Foregut.

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14
Q

The pancreas is in the:

Foregut/Midgut/Hindgut.

A

Foregut and Midgut.

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15
Q

The oesophagus is in the:

Foregut/Midgut/Hindgut.

A

Foregut.

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16
Q

The distal 1/3rd of the transverse colon is in the:

Foregut/Midgut/Hindgut.

A

Hindgut.

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17
Q

The proximal 2/3rds of the transverse colon is in the:

Foregut/Midgut/Hindgut.

A

Midgut

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18
Q

What is the perioneum?

A

A thin, transparent, semi-permeable, serous membrane that lines the walls of the abdominopelvic cavity and organs.

19
Q

What cavity does the peritoneum create and what is this cavity like?

A

The peritoneal cavity.
(Between the visceral and parietal layers).
Thin, enclosed space containing a small amount of peritoneal fluid.

20
Q

What would cause severe and painful inflammation of the peritoneum?

A

Blood, pus or faeces in the peritoneal cavity.

21
Q

The liver is:

Intraperitoneal/ Retroperitoneal/With a Mesentery.

A

Intraperitoneal.

22
Q

The pancreas is:

Intraperitoneal/ Retroperitoneal/With a Mesentery.

A

Retroperitoneal

23
Q

The kidneys are:

Intraperitoneal/ Retroperitoneal/With a Mesentery.

A

Retroperitoneal.

24
Q

“Intraperitoneal” means:

A

Almost completely covered in visceral peritoneum.

Minimally mobile

25
Q

“Retroperitoneal” means:

A

Only has a visceral peritoneum on its anterior surface.

26
Q

“With a mesentery” means:

A

Covered in visceral peritoneum
Visceral peritoneum wraps behind the organ to form a double layer – mesentery
Mesentery suspends the organ from the posterior abdominal wall – very mobile

27
Q

What triad lives in the free edge of the lesser omentum?

A

The portal triad.

28
Q

How many pouches does the peritoneum form in the superior aspect of the pelvic organs in a male?

A

One.

The rectovesical pouch.

29
Q

How many pouches does the peritoneum form in the superior aspect of the pelvic organs in a female?

A

Two.
The vesico-uterine pouch.
The recto-uterine pouch.

30
Q

Is the rectovesical pouch found in men or women?

A

Men.

31
Q

Is the vesico-uterine pouch found in men or women?

A

Women.

32
Q

Is the recto-uterine pouch found in men or women?

A

Women.

33
Q

What is the name for the fluid that can collect within the peritoneal cavity as a result of pathology?

A

Ascitic Fluid.

The patient has “ascites”

34
Q

What is the name of the procedure by which ascitic fluid is drained from the peritoneal cavity?

A

Paracentesis.

35
Q

What is paracentesis?

A

The procedure by which ascitic fluid is drained from the peritoneal cavity.

36
Q

During paracentesis, where must the needle be placed?

Why?

A

Lateral to the rectus sheath.

This avoids the inferior epigastric artery.

37
Q

Pain felt in the right shoulder could be referred pain from the..

A

Liver or gallbladder.

38
Q

What is the enteric nervous system?

A

An extensive network of nerves found only within the walls of the GI tract which can act independently of other parts of the nervous system to bring about peristalsis but can also be influenced by autonomic motor nerves.

39
Q

Visceral afferents are _____ nerves.

A

Visceral afferents are sensory nerves.

40
Q

The nerves involved in pain in the abdominal wall are:

A

Somatic sensory nerves
Somatic motor nerves
Sympathetic nerve fibres

41
Q

The sympathetic nerve fibres (that go to the abdominal organs) leave the spinal cord at vertebral levels…

A

T5 and L2.

42
Q

The sympathetic nerve fibres (that go to the abdominal organs) leave the sympathetic chains within ________ nerves.

A

The sympathetic nerve fibres (that go to the abdominal organs) leave the sympathetic chains within abdominopelvic splanchnic nerves.

43
Q

The sympathetic nerve fibres (that go to the abdominal organs) synapse at __________ ________ which are located…..

A

The sympathetic nerve fibres (that go to the abdominal organs) synapse at prevertebral ganglia which are located anterior to the aorta at the exit points of the major branches of the abdominal aorta.

Anatomy (10 decks)

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