Abdominal Masses

Question 1

Associated symptoms with abdominal mass

Answer 1

Blood loss, gynae symptoms, jaundice, vomiting, urinary symptoms, change in bowel habit, weight loss, anorexia

Question 2

Investigations for abdominal mass

Answer 2

CXR (erect), AXR (supine), ultrasound, CT, sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy/upper GI endoscopy +/- biopsy, ERCP, laparoscopy and biopsy

Question 3

Hepatic mass:

• Symptoms
• Signs
• Investigations

Answer 3

• Weight loss, primary jaundice
• Hepatomegaly, jaundice
• USS, CT, liver biopsy and look for primary mass

Question 4

Splenic mass:

• Symptoms
• Signs
• Investigations

Answer 4

• Trauma, weight loss
• Splenomegaly
• CT, MRI, PET

Question 5

Renal mass:

• Symptoms
• Signs
• Investigations

Answer 5

• Renal failure, weight loss
• Ballotable
• USS, CT

Question 6

Pancreatic mass:

• Symptoms
• Signs
• Investigations

Answer 6

• Weight loss, non-tender, alcohol related
• Epigastric, non-tender upon examination
• ERCP, CT, biopsy

Question 7

Colorectal cancer:

• Symptoms
• Signs
• Investigations

Answer 7

• Altered bowel habit, PR bleeding, weight loss
• Small bowel obstruction, localised mass on examination
• CT, colonoscopy

Question 8

Gynaecological mass:

• Symptoms
• Signs
• Investigations

Answer 8

• Weight loss, non-tender
• Pelvic mass, often large, associated ascites on examination
• USS, TVUSS (transvaginal ultrasound scan), CT, laparoscopy

Question 9

Sister Mary Joseph nodule

Answer 9

Malignant metastatic umbilical nodule