Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Yr3 Clinical Skills > Abdominal Examination Qs > Flashcards

Abdominal Examination Qs Flashcards

1
Q

What should you do at the start of the Abdo exam?

A

WIPER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are we looking for on a General Inspection?

A
  1. Age
    - Younger: IBD
    - Older: Chronic Liver Disease
  2. Confusion (Hepatic Encephalopathy)
  3. Jaundice (Acute Hepatitis,, Cirrhosis, Cholangitis)
  4. Distention (Ascites, Bowel Obstruction, Organomegaly)
  5. Cachexia (Muscle loss)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Upon examining the Hands, what signs are we looking for?

A
  1. Pallor
    - Anaemia/GI Bleeding
    - Palmar Erythema (Redness of Heel)
    (Chronic Liver Disease/Pregnancy)
  2. Koilonychia (I-D Anaemia, Crohn’s)
  3. Leukonychia (E-S Liver Disease)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the ___ Window test used for?

A

Schamroth’s
Clubbing
Soft-Tissue Swelling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What pathologies can lead to Asterixis?

A
  1. Type 2 Respiratory Disease
  2. Uraemia (Secondary to Renal Failure)
  3. Hepatic Encephalopathy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Upon palpating the hands, what should you be feeling for?

A
  1. Temperature
  2. Radial Pulse
  3. Dupuytren’s Contracture
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is Dupuytren’s Contracture?

A

Condition where your fingers (mainly ring or pinky) are permanently in a flexed position

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Upon examining the arms, what are you looking for?

A
  1. Bruising: Cirrhosis (Less Factors made)
  2. Excoriations: Cholestatic Pruritis
  3. Needle Track Marks (Drugs)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is Cholestatic Pruritis and how is it caused?

A
  • Stoppage of Bile Flow into Duodenum
  • Too much Unconjugated Bilirubin in the bloodstream
  • Bile Salts deposit onto the skin and cause itching
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What can you observe in the Axillae?

A
  1. Acanthosis Nigricans
    (Hyperpigmentation, Hyperkeratosis - T2DM/Stomach cancer)
  2. Hair Loss
    (I-D Anaemia and Malnutrition)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What can you observe in the Eyes?

A
  1. Conjunctival Pallor (Anaemia)
  2. Corneal Arcus (Cholesterol buildup)
  3. Jaundice
  4. Xanthelasma
  5. Kayser-Fleischer Rings (Wilson’s due to Copper deposition)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What can you observe in the Mouth?

A
  1. Candidiasis (Immunosuppression)
  2. Central Cyanosis
  3. Glossitis (B12/B9/B7 Def)
  4. Hyperpigmented Macules (Peutz-Jegher’s Syndrome)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What can you observe in the Neck?

A
  1. Virchow’s Node (Left supraclavicular)

2. Lymphadenopathy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What can you observe in the Chest?

A
  1. Spider Naevi (Cirrhosis/Pregnancy)
  2. Gynaecomastia
    (Oestrogen/Spironolactone/Digoxin)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What can cause Abdominal Distention?

A
  1. Fat
  2. Fluid
  3. Faeces
  4. Foetus
  5. Flatus
  6. Fulminant Mass
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What do we call bruising in the flanks?

A

Grey-Turner Sign

Pancreatitis

17
Q

What can cause Striae?

A

Pregnancy
Cushing’s
Obesity

18
Q

What do you do during Palpation

A
  1. Lie them flat
  2. Palpate all 9 Regions
  3. DEEP Palpation
  4. Liver
19
Q

What are we looking for in Palpation

A
  1. Tenderness
  2. Rebound Tenderness (Appendicitis)
  3. Guarding (Peritonitis/Appendicitis)
20
Q

What condition can we see if there is Tenderness of the Liver?

A

Hepatitis or Cholecystitis

21
Q

What condition can we see if there is Pulsatility of the Liver?

A

Tricuspid regurgitation

22
Q

What condition can we see if there is extension of the Liver below the costal margin?

A

Hepatomegaly

23
Q

What condition can we see if there is nodular consistency of the liver edge?

A

Cirrhosis

24
Q

What conditions can lead to Hepatomegaly?

A

Hepatitis
Carcinoma
Metastasis
Leukaemia

25
Q

What is the Murphy Sign?

A

Cholecystitis if they inhale and they stop mid-breath

You will place fingers at the Right costal margin

26
Q

What can cause Splenomegaly?

A

Portal Hypertension (Secondary to Liver Cirrhosis)
Haemolytic Anaemia
Glandular Fever

27
Q

What other areas do we feel for?

A
  1. Gallbladder
  2. Spleen
  3. Kidneys
  4. Aorta
  5. Bladder
28
Q

How do we test for Ascites?

A

Shifting Dullness when rolling onto the RHS

29
Q

What do we use the Stethoscope for?

A

Bowel Sounds

  • Normal Gurgling
  • Tinkling: Bowel Obstruction
  • Absent: Ileus (Issue with Peristalsis)

Bruits (Aorta/Renal Arteries)

  • AAA
  • Renal Artery Stenosis
30
Q

Why do we check the Legs?

A

Pitting Oedema

- Hypoalbuminemia in Cirrhosis

Yr3 Clinical Skills (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions