Abdominal Examination

Question 1

General Inspection

Answer 1

Vomit bowls, NG tubes, gastrostomy, stoma, drains, hernias
General health and wellbeing - dysmorphic features
PEWS

Question 2

Hands

Answer 2

Clubbing, koilonychia, leukonychia, cannula sites, peripheral perfusion, palmar erythema

Question 3

Arms

Answer 3

Pulse rate and rhythm

Bruising, scratch marks

Question 4

Eyes, nose, mouth and neck

Answer 4

Pallor, jaundice, fat deposits, angular stomatis, poor dentition, peri oral flecking (Peutz Jeghers syndrome), macroglossia, glossitis, oral candida
Palpate cervical lymph nodes

Question 5

Inspection

Answer 5

Scars
Gastrostomy / PEG, drains, stomas and ileostomies
Distention of abdomen (fat, fluid, faeces, flatus and fucking big mass / foetus), bruising, visible veins, umbilicus - everted

Question 6

Palpation

Answer 6

Light palpation
Deep palpation 
Hepatomegaly
Splenomegaly - in children < 8 tends to enlarge towards left iliac fossa)
Renal angle tenderness

Question 7

Percussion and auscultation

Answer 7

If there is distention check for shifting dullness

Bowel sounds

Question 8

Also

Answer 8

Hernias
Perianal area - fissures, fistulas, prolapse (rectal digital exams are rarely performed)
Testicles
Axillary and inguinal lymph nodes
Pedal oedema 
Skin for lesions
Plot weight and height 
Urinalysis and stool sample