Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PCM II Test 1 > abdominal exam lecture > Flashcards

abdominal exam lecture Flashcards

1
Q

RUQ contents

A

liver, gallbladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

RLQ contents

A

appendix, cecum, ovary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

LLQ contents

A

sigmoid colon, ovary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

LUQ contents

A

spleen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

the epigastric region is often used to describe location of

A

stomach, pancreas, and part of liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

inspection of abdomen, looking for what

A

surface: skin color, scars, rash, ecchymoses
contour of the abdomen
-contour of the abdomen (flat, round, scaphoid, bulges)
-peristalsis
-arterial pulsations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

cullen’s sign

A

ecchymoses around umbilicus

  • hemoperitoneium
  • acute pancreatitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

grey turner’s sign

A

ecchymoses of the flanks

  • hemoperitoneium
  • acute pancreatitis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

jaundice, ascites, caput medusae is indicative of

A

portal hypertension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

auscultation of abdomen use

A

diaphragm

except when listening for bruits, then use bell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

normal bowel sounds

clicks/gurgles

A

5-34

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

if you have absent bowel sounds this can be indicative of what

A

none for >2

intestinal obstruction, intestinal perforation, mesenteric ischemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

decreased bowel sounds

A

post-surgical ileus, peritonitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

increased bowel sounds

A

diarrhea, early bowel obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

high pitched bowel sounds

A

early intestinal obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

bruits

A

vascular obstruction

renal a, iliac a, femoral a

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

friction rub sound
what is it
what does it indicate
where to listen

A

grating sounds with respiratory variation

  • inflammation of peritoneal surface of organ
  • listen over liver and spleen
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

venous hum

what is it, what does it mean, where to listen

A

soft humming noise

  • increased collateral circulation btwn portal and systemic venous systems
  • listen over epigastric and umnilical regions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

percussion for what

A

size of liver and spleen

assess for tympany and dullness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

tympany
dullness
resonance
hyper-resonance

A

tymp: high pitched, air filled
dullness: non resonating, solid organs or mases
- rosonance: hollow abdominal organs
- hyper res: air filled hollow organ (pneumothorax)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

palpation

A

gently palpate then deeply palpate all 4 regions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what does periumbilical visceral pain indicate

A

acute appendicitis

pain from SI, or proximal colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

visceral pain

A

difficult to localize

can be palpable in the midline at level of structure involved

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

epigastric pain could be from

A

stomach, duod, pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

suprapubic or sacral pain from

A

rectum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

hypogastric pain from

A

colon, bladder, uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

parietal pain

A

more severe than visceral pain and easier to localize

28
Q

RUQ/epigastric parietal tenderness

A

acute cholecystitis

29
Q

epigastric parietal tenderness

A

actue pancreatitis

30
Q

RLQ parietal tenderness

A

later finding in acute appenicitis

31
Q

LLQ parietal tenderness

A

actue diverticulitis

32
Q

referred pain: duod and pancrease

A

referred to back

33
Q

biliary tree referred pain

A

to right shoulder

34
Q

is spleen normally palpable

A

no, unless enlarged

35
Q

normal liver vertical span

where to check

A

6-12 cm, checking at midclavicular line on right

36
Q

vertical span decreased by

A

cirrhosis, free air under diaphragm

37
Q

irregular edge/nodules on liver palpation may be

A

hepatocellular carcinoma

38
Q

firmness/hardness of palpated liver may be

A

cirrhosis, hematochromatosis, amyloidosid, lymphoma

39
Q

what can cause splenomegaly

A

portal hypertension, blood malignancies, HIV, splenic infact, mono

40
Q

test for ascites

A

shifting dullness test

  • percuss borders of tympany and dullness w/ patient supine
  • have patient lay on side and percuss borders again
  • normal = borders stay same
  • ascites/postive test if dullness shifts to dependent side and tympany to top side
41
Q

another test for ascites

A

test for a fluid wave
assistant places ulnar aspects of hands midline, tap one flank sharply with finger tips
normal = no impulse other flnk
-acites/postive test = impulse transmitted to other flank

42
Q

(+) mcBurney’s point

A

appendicites

43
Q

rovsings sign

A

palpate deeply in LLQ and if pain felt RLQ then positive for appendicitis

44
Q

psoas sign

A

dr places hand on thigh of pt and have them try to flex at hip, if abdominal pain then appendicits possible

45
Q

obturator sign

A

flex patients right hip with knee bent, internally rotate hip
-if right hypogastric pain then irritation of obturator muscle from inflamed appendix

46
Q

murphy’s sign test for

A

cholecystitis

47
Q

signs of peritoneal inflammation

A

guarding
rigidity
rebound tenderness

48
Q

test for pyelonephritis or renal stone

A

lloyds punch

49
Q

test for abdominal wall mass vs intraabdominal mass

A

ask patient to raise head and shoulders when lying supine
-palpate for mass again
-abdominal wall mass remains palp
intraabdominal mass, no longer palp

50
Q

test for ventral hernia

A

when lying supine, ask patient to raise head and hsoulders off table
-positive test = bulge of hernia will usually appear

51
Q

depth of light vs mod vs deep palp

A 
light = 1 cm
mod = 2-3 cm
deep = more than 3 cm
52
Q

what is courvoisier’s sign

A

enlarged, non tender gallbladder 2ndary to pancreatic disease or cancer

53
Q

what rib level are you at on pts back when feeling for liver?
spleen?

A 
liver = 11 and 12 on right side
spleen = 12 on left side
54
Q

aorta palpation location and width

A

above umbilicus slightly left of midline
2-3 cm
pulsation in anterior-inferior direction

55
Q

sympathetic levels of esophagus

A

T2-T8

56
Q

symp levels stomach

A

T5-T9

57
Q

symp levels of liver

A

T6-T9

58
Q

symp levels of GB

A

T6-T9

59
Q

symp levels of SI

A

T9-T11

60
Q

symp levels colon

A

T10-T12

61
Q

symp levels of pancres

A

T5-T11

62
Q

symp levels of appendix

A

T12

63
Q

parasymp, vagus nerve

A

esophagus through transverse colon

64
Q

parasymp S2-S4

A

descending colon, sigmoid, rectum

65
Q

heel stirke

A

pt supine, doc strikes patient’s heel

-pain upon striking could indicate appendicitis

66
Q

percussion of spleen, span from what ribs

A

6 to 10

67
Q

documentation of normal abdominal exam

A

Abd S/NT/ND/BS+ x 4, no R/G/R, HSM or CVAT

abdomen is soft, nontender, nondistended, bowel sounds heard in all 4 quadrants, no rebound, guarding, rigidity, hepatosplenomegaly, or costovertebral angle tenderness

PCM II Test 1 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions