Abdominal Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Grey Turner Sign

A

Flank ecchymosis secondary to hemorrhage

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2
Q

Cullen Sign

A

Ecchymosis around the umbilicus (periumbilical) secondary to hemorrhage

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3
Q

normal bowel sounds

A

5-35 clicks or gurgles per minute

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4
Q

tympany

A

found in the majority of the abdomen, caused by air-filled viscera

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5
Q

dullness

A

flat sound without echoes, heard over solid organs. The liver and spleen, fluid in the peritoneum or feces give a dull note

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6
Q

expected liver size

A

6-12 cm at the mid-clavicular line on the right

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7
Q

expected spleen size

A

from ribs 6-10 at the mid-axillary line on the left

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8
Q

abdominal examination order

A

inspect, auscultation, percussion, palpation

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9
Q

rebound tenderness

A

Pain upon removal of pressure, rather than the application of
pressure to the abdomen. Tests for peritoneal inflammation

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10
Q

guarding

A

Voluntary versus involuntary

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11
Q

rigidity

A

Like it sounds, abdomen is hard, involuntary reflex

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12
Q

rovsing’s sign

A

Pain in the RLQ during left-sided pressure- referred rebound tenderness seen in appendicitis

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13
Q

McBurney’s Point

A

rebound tenderness or pain 1/3 of the distance from the ASIS to the
umbilicus- may suggest appendicitis/peritoneal irritation

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14
Q

Murphy sign

A

Palpate deeply under right costal margin during inspiration, &
observe for pain &/or sudden stop in inspiratory effort. Tests for acute cholecystitis or cholelithiasis

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15
Q

Courvoisier’s Sign

A

Enlarged non-tender gallbladder secondary to pancreatic disease or cancer

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16
Q

esophagus sym levels

17
Q

stomach sym levels

18
Q

liver sym levels

19
Q

gallbladder sym levels

20
Q

small intestine sym levels

21
Q

colon

22
Q

pancreas

23
Q

appendix

24
Q

upper portion parasympathetic levels

A

esophagus thru transverse colon OA, AA (vagus n.)

25
lower portion parasympathetic levels
descending colon, sigmoid, rectum S2-S4 (pelvic splanchnic n.)
26
Iliopsoas mm test
Have the patient flex their hip against your resistance- increased abdominal pain is a positive test. This suggests irritation of the psoas muscle from inflammation of the appendix
27
obturator mm test
Flex the patients right thigh at the hip, with the knee bent, and rotate the leg internally at the hip. Right hypogastric pain is a positive test. This suggests irritation of the obturator muscle from an inflamed appendix
28
lloyd punch/kidney punch/costovertebral angle tenderness
gently tapping the area of the back overlying the kidney (costovertebral angles) produces pain. This suggests an infection around the kidney (perinephric abscess) or pyelonephritis or renal stone
29
heel strike
Patient supine. Doc strikes patient’s heel. Pain upon striking could indicate appendicitis