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Clinical History > Abdominal Exam > Flashcards

Abdominal Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

when hollow abdominal organs contract unusually forcefully or are distended or stretched.

A

visceral pain

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2
Q

visceral pain

A

may be gnawing, burning, cramping, or aching

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3
Q

epigastric pain

A

may be stomach, duodenum, or pancreas

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4
Q

RUQ pain

A

may be liver or biliary tree

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5
Q

Periumbilical pain

A

may be small intestine, appendix, or proximal colon

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6
Q

Hypogastric pain

A

may be colon, bladder, or uterus

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7
Q

Supropubic or sacral pain

A

from rectum

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8
Q

timing of pain

A

acute or chronic? 15-30% of pt’s with nonspecific pain need surgery

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9
Q

for pain

A

have pt point to location–severity 1-10

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10
Q

aggravators or relievers

A

food, alcohol, medications, stress, body position, and use of antacids

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11
Q

chronic or recurrent discomfort or pain centered in the upper abdomen

A

dyspepsia

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12
Q

subjective negative feeling that is nonpainful

A

discomfort (bloating, nausea, upper abdominal fullness, and heartburn)

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13
Q

3-month history of nonspecific upper abdominal discomfort or nausea not attributable to structural abnormalities or peptic ulcer disease

A

nonulcer/functional dyspepsia

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14
Q

heartburn, acid reflux, or regurgitation more than once a week; likely

A

GERD

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15
Q

GERD

A

gastroesophageal reflux disease

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16
Q

angina may present as

A

heartburn

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17
Q

pain with swallowing

A

odyophagia

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18
Q

techniques for examining abdomen

A

IAPP–liver, spleen, kidneys, aorta

19
Q

Inspect

A 
peristalsis
skin
umbilicus
contour of the abdomen
pulsation
20
Q

I peristalsis

A

observe several min if intestinal obstruction suspected

21
Q

I Skin– Note:

A

Scars–diagram location
Striae–stretch marks
Dilated veins
Rashes and lesions

22
Q

I Umbilicus

A

note contour and location–note any inflammation or bulges suggesting hernia

23
Q

I Contour of Ab

A

shape: flat, round, protuberant, scaphoind
Bulges
symmetrical
enlarged organs or masses

24
Q

I Pulsations

A

Aortic pulse often visible in epigastrium

25
Q

Auscultation of abdomen

A

bowel sounds

aorta

26
Q

A. Bowel Sounds

A

clicks and gurgles 5-34 per min

27
Q

unusual sound from blood passing by obstruction–heard when auscultating vessel

A

Bruit

28
Q

prolonged gurggels –stomach growling

A

borborygmi

29
Q

the state of perspiring profusely

A

diaphorosis

30
Q

A. bruits

A

over aorta, iliac arteries, and femoral arteries

31
Q

A. friction rubs

A

over liver and spleen

32
Q

Percussion of abdomen

A

helps to assess amount and distribution of gas in abdomen and ID possible solid or fluid-filled masses.

33
Q

Per. Abdomen

A

in all four quadrants lightly to assess distribution of tympany (predominate– due to gas) and dullness (scattered from fluid and feces)

34
Q

a hollow drum-like sound created when gas filled area is struck sharply

A

tympany

35
Q

Per. lower anterior chest

A

btwn lungs above and costal margins below–find dullness of liver and splenic flexure of colon

36
Q

Light abdominal palpation

A 
all quadrants
superficial organs
tenderness
muscle tone 
"voluntary guarding"
37
Q

Abdomen inspection

A

5 S’s

Size
Shape
Scars
Skin lesions
Stoma
38
Q

I’m A People Person

A

Inspection
Auscultation
Percussion
Palpation

39
Q

Deep abdominal palpations

A

have pt cough and palpate area of pain (inflammation)

40
Q

pain induced or increased by quick withdrawal constitutes

A

rebound tenerness (press down with you fingers firmly)

41
Q

size of liver by

A

percussion–find borders of dullness–because behind ribs

42
Q

Liver percussion

A

R midclavicular line
nipple down–upper border of dullness
lower border of dullness

43
Q

method for palpating liver when patient is obese

A

Hooking technique–stand to R of pt’s chest–place both hands side by side on right abdomen below border of liver dullness, press in w/ fingers and up toward costal margin.

44
Q

spleen percussion

A

dullness superiolateral to tympany of stomach–can be used to dx spleenomegaly

Clinical History (10 decks)

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