Abdominal Enlargement - Intestinal Obstruction Flashcards
0
Q
Common causes of intestinal obstruction
A
Small intestine: post-op adhesions, groin hernias
Large intestine: malignancy
1
Q
Functional vs. Mechanical obstruction
A
Functional: electrolyte deficiency, poor peristalsis
Mechanical: actual physical barrier, segmental dilatation, differential air levels
2
Q
Pathophysiology of bowel loop with obstruction
A
Constriction ⬇ ️Obstruction ⬇️ Proximal dilatation ⬇️ Pressure accumulation ⬇️ Ischemia, gangrene, perforation ⬇️ Intestinal contents will go to peritoneum ⬇️ Sepsis, DEATH
3
Q
Types of Mechanical Obstruction
A
Simple: intact blood supply
Strangulated: occlusion of blood supply
Partial: presence of rectal gas
Complete: absence of rectal gas
4
Q
[Mechanical Obstruction]
Cardinal signs and symptoms
A
Crampy or colicky abdominal pain
Vomiting
Lack of flatus or obstipation
Abdominal distention or enlargement
5
Q
[Mechanical Obstruction]
Conservative Management
A
NPO NGT Correction of fluid and electrolyte imbalance Antibiotics Observation
6
Q
[Mechanical Obstruction]
Surgical Procedures
A
Adhesiolysis Enterotomy Resection-Anastomosis Bypass Procedures Ileostomy/Colostomy Groin Hernia Reduction
