Abdominal cavity and peritoneal sac

Question 1

What structures are part of the foregut?

Answer 1

pharynx, esophagus, stomach, 1/3 of duodenum

Question 2

What artery supplies the foregut?

Answer 2

celiac artery

Question 3

What structures are part of the mid gut?

Answer 3

2/3 duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, 2/3 transverse colon.

Question 4

What artery supplies the midgut?

Answer 4

Superior mesenteric artery, SMA

Question 5

What structures are part of the hind gut?

Answer 5

1/3 transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, 1/2 anal canal

Question 6

What artery is supplies the hind gut?

Answer 6

Inferior mesenteric artery, IMA

Question 7

What structures are secondarily retroperitoneal?

Answer 7

duodenum, pancreas, cecum, ascending colon, descending colon, rectum

Question 8

What can be found between mesenteries?

Answer 8

arteries, vens, nerve plexuses, lymphatics, sometimes duct (bile)

Question 9

What structures derived from the embryonic dorsal mesentery?

Answer 9

Mesogastrium: 
->gastrosplenic ligament
->splenorenal ligament
->greater momentum, includes gastrocolic ligament
The Mesentery
Mesoduodenum (in embryo only)
Mesocolon
->mesoappendix
->transverse mesocolon
->sigmoid mesocolon

Question 10

What structures derived from the ventral mesentery?

Answer 10

There is only ventral mesentery for foregut.
Lesser omentum:
-hepatogastric ligament
-hepatoduodenal ligament
Faciform ligament (contains ligamentum teres -free edge)
Coronary ligament
->liver, gallbladder, ventral pancreas develop in ventral mesentery

Question 11

What are fusion fascias?

Answer 11

When part of GI tract+mesentery fuse with parental peritoneum of posterior abdominal wall–>neuromuscular supply can be mobilized and lifted off posterior abdominal wall during surgery

Question 12

Which viscera are fixed in place by fusion fascias?

Answer 12

1. Duodenum
2. Pancreas
3. Gallbladder
4. ascending+descending colon
5. rectum

Question 13

The inferior mesenteric vein is a tributary to what vein?

Answer 13

Splenic vein

Question 14

From where does the SMA arise? What are the branches of the superior mesenteric artery (from superior to inferior)?

Answer 14

From abdominal aorta.
On the right side: middle colic, right colic, ileocolic artery. Supplies blood to the midgut.
On the left side: jejunal and ileal arteries arteries

Question 15

What are the branches of the inferior mesenteric artery (from superior to inferior)?

Answer 15

Left colic artery, sigmoid arteries, superior rectal artery

Question 16

Where does the superior mesenteric vein terminate?

Answer 16

tributary of portal vein along with splenic vein

Question 17

Which nerves provide sensory sensation to parietal peritoneum lining lumbar and inguinal regions of abdominal wall?

Answer 17

T11, subcostal, iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves provide somatosensory innervation to the parietal peritoneum lining the inner surface of the anterior abdominal wall of the lumbar and inguinal regions.

Question 18

Where would peritoneal fluids accumulate in females who are standing or lying at 45 degree angle? In males?

Answer 18

Females: rectouterine pouch (of douglas)
males: rectovesicle pouch