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Adv health assessment > Abdominal Assessment > Flashcards

Abdominal Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

What organs are located in the right upper quadrant?

A

Liver, gallbladder, duodenum, pancreas (head), R kidney (upper pole), right adrenal gland, hepatic of colon, ascending colon (part), transverse colon (part), stomach (pylorus)

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2
Q

What organs are located on the left upper quadrant?

A

Spleen, Stomach, liver (left lobe), pancreas (body), left adrenal gland, left kidney (upper pole), splenic flexure of colon, transverse colon (part), descending colon (part)

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3
Q

What is located in the right lower quadrant?

A

right kidney (lower pole), cecum, appendix, ascending colon (part), right ovary, right fallopian tube, right ureter, right spermatic cord

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4
Q

What is located on the lower left quadrant?

A

left kidney (lower pole), descending colon (part), sigmoid colon, left ovary, left fallopian tube, uterus if enlarged, left ureter, left spermatic cord

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5
Q

When does pain occur with GERD?

A

30-60 minutes after eating

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6
Q

what is projectile vomiting associated with?

A

head injury, cranial lesion, or pyloric obstructions

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7
Q

what can create blockage that cause vomiting, an eagerness to eat again, and weight loss?

A

pyloric stenosis

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8
Q

Location and description of pain for appendicitis

A

periumbilical or epigastric pain. starts colicky, then localizes to RLQ

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9
Q

Location and description of pain for cholecystitis

A

Severe epigastric pain that is referred to the shoulder

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10
Q

Location and description of pain for intestinal obstruction

A

severe, abrupt, spaskm-like pain that reffered to umbilicus and epigastrium. described as “gripping”

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11
Q

Location and description of pain for abdominal aneurysm

A

steady, throbbing, midline pain over aneurysm that may radiate to back or flank. “tearing.”

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12
Q

Location and description of pain for pancreatitis

A

acute, excruciating pain, LUQ, umbilical or epigastric pain referred to the flank and left shoulder. pain may cause fainting.

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13
Q

Location and description of pain for perforated gastric or duodenal ulcer

A

abrupt, RLQ pain may referred to the shoulder. “burning”

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14
Q

Location and description of pain for ruptured abdominal organ

A

pain is felt “all over the abdomen” with no localization

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15
Q

Location and description of pain for biliary stones

A

intense pain in the RUQ. “cramping”

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16
Q

What can cause pain and then vomiting?

A

acute appendicitis

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17
Q

what can cause greenish-yellow vomitus fluid?

A

biliary conditions

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18
Q

what can cause fecal-smelling vomitus fluid?

A

intestinal obstruction

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19
Q

what causes vomiting by eating fatty foods?

A

gallbladder disease

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20
Q

what medications can cause gastric irritation

A

digitalis, aspirin, nsaid, antihypertensives, antibiotics

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21
Q

what can esophageal resection be associated with?

A

fat malabsorption, abnormal swallowing, and obstruction

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22
Q

what id small bowel resection associated with?

A

steatorrhea, fat malabsorption, anemia, short bowel syndrome

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23
Q

what genetic disorder can be associated with gastrointestinal symptoms?

A

cystic fibrosis

24
Q

what can cause abdominal pain and weight loss or gain?

A

ulcerative colitis, gallbladder cancer, pancreatic cancer

25
Q

what can cause abdominal pain and exercise intolerance/fatigue?

A

liver carcinoma

26
Q

what can cause abdominal pain with skin disorders

A

hepatitis, cirrhosis, liver carcinoma, gallbladder cancer, pancreatic cancer.

27
Q

What is the order of assessment?

A

Inspect, auscultate, palpate, percuss

28
Q

What does percuss identify?

A

size and density of organs. location of air, fluid, and masses.

29
Q

what does acid breath indicate?

A

peptic ulcers

30
Q

what does sickly sweet odor indicate?

A

hepatic failure

31
Q

what does odor of decay indicate?

A

esophageal diverticulum

32
Q

what does odor of rotten eggs and garlic indicate?

A

cirrhosis with portal shunting

33
Q

What is cullen sign?

A

periumbilical ecchymosis = acute necrotizing pancreatitis

34
Q

What is Grey Turner’s Sign?

A

Flank ecchymosis = intra-abdominal or retroperitoneal hemorrhage or injury to pancreatitis

35
Q

what sound do you hear in the small intestine

A

high pitch and gurgling

36
Q

what do increase bowel sounds indicate?

A

diarrhea or early intestinal obstruction

37
Q

what do absent or decreased bowel sounds indicate?

A

paralytic ileus, peritonitis, or acute abdomen

38
Q

what sounds percuss over liver and spleen?

A

Dullness over solid organs and over fluid

39
Q

what sound should the heard in the middle of the abdominal area?

A

tympanic

40
Q

Where should you percuss tympany?

A

over stomach and small intestines.

41
Q

Where should you percuss hyperresonance?

A

around the umbilicus

42
Q

What does muscle rigidity suggest?

A

peritonitis or posterior infection of abdomen or pelvis

43
Q

Where is rebound tenderness (McBurney’s point) located?

A

RLQ = appendicitis

44
Q

What does Murphy’s sign indicate?

A

acute cholecystitis or hepatitis or hepatomegaly

45
Q

what does spider angiomas indicate?

A

liver disease, malnutrition, pregnancy

46
Q

what is cullen’s sign and what does it indicate

A

periumbilical ecchymosis = acute necrotizing pancreatitis

47
Q

what is grey turner’s sign and what does it indicate?

A

flank ecchymosis = pancreatitis

48
Q

what does hyperactive bowel sounds indicate

A

diarrhea

49
Q

what does hypoactive bowel sounds indicate

A

peritonitis, paralytic ileus

50
Q

high pitched tinkling bowel sounds indicate?

A

intestinal obstruction

51
Q

what is the normal span of the liver?

A

6-12cm

52
Q

what does fluid wave asses?

A

ascites

53
Q

what is another name for rebound tenderness?

A

rovsing’s sign = peritoneal inflammation (appendicitis)

54
Q

What is McBurney’s point?

A

pain in RLQ assessing appendicitis

55
Q

What is Murphy’s sign?

A

pressing on RUQ during inspiration. = gallbladder inflammation

56
Q

what is obturator test

A

bending the leg while laying down and moving internal & external = appendicitis

Adv health assessment (5 decks)

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