Abdominal aorta Flashcards
abdominal aorta
continuation of thoracic aorta
T12 to L4
at L4, it terminates by bifurcating into right and left common iliac arteries
branches in descending order
inferior phrenic arteries coeliac artery superior mesenteric artery middle suprarenal arteries renal arteries gonadal arteries inferior mesenteric arteries median sacral artery lumbar arteries
inferior phrenic arteries
paired parietal arteries arising posteriorly at T12
supply diaphragm
coeliac artery
large, unpaired visceral artery arising anteriorly at T12
supplies liver, stomach, oesophagus, spleen, superior duodenum and superior pancreas
branches of the coeliac artery
left gastric, splenic and common hepatic arteries
left gastric artery
across diaphragm - oesophageal branches
lesser curvature of stomach
anastomoses w/ right gastric artery
splenic artery
travels towards spleen
posterior to stomach, along superior pancreas
contained within splenorenal ligament
5 branches supply spleen
left gastroepiploic - greater curvature of stomach, anastomoses w/ right gastroepiploic artery
short gastrics - 5-7 branches for fundus
pancreatic branches - body and tail of pancreas
common hepatic artery
passes to right
sole arterial supply to liver
proper hepatic and gastroduodenal arteries
two terminal branches of common hepatic artery
proper hepatic - through lesser omentum towards liver - branches:
right gastric - pylorus, lesser curvature of stomach
right and left hepatic - divide inferior to porta hepatis and supply lobes
cystic - branch of right hepatic artery, gall bladder
gastroduodenal - descends posterior to superior duodenum. branches:
right gastroepiploic - greater curvature of stomach, between greater omentum
superior pancreaticoduodenal - anterior and posterior, head of pancreas
superior mesenteric artery
anteriorly at L1
descends down posterior abdomen
supplies midgut
midgut
major duodenal papilla of duodenum to proximal 2/3 of transverse colon
major branches of superior mesenteric artery
inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery
jejunal and ileal arteries
middle and right colic arteries
ileocolic artery
inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery
anterior and posterior vessels anastomose with branches of superior pancreaticoduodenal artery - inferior head of pancreas, uncinate process and duodenum
jejunal and ileal arteries
pass between layers of mesentery and form anastomotic arcades - vasa recta arise (smaller, straight arteries)
jejunal - fewer arcades, longer vasa recta
ileal - more arcades, shorter vasa recta
middle and right colic arteries
arise from right side of SMA
middle - transverse colon
right - ascending colon
ileocolic artery
inferiorly, to right
branches to ascending colon, appendix, cecum, ileum
middle suprarenal arteries
small paired visceral arteries arising posteriorly at L1
supply adrenal glands
gonadal arteries
paired visceral arteries arising laterally at L2
testicular/ovarian arteries
inferior mesenteric artery
supplies hindgut - distal 1/3 transverse colon, splenic flexure, descending colon, sigmoid colon and rectum
arises at L3
retroperitoneal
watershed area
splenic flexure
area with dual blood supply from most distal branches of two large arteries
hindgut
distal 1/3 transverse colon, splenic flexure, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum
major branches of IMA
left colic artery
sigmoid artery
superior rectal artery
left colic artery
distal 1/3 transverse colon and descending colon
travels anteriorly to psoas major muscle, left ureter, left internal spermatic vessels
ascending branch - crosses left kidney anteriorly. supplies distal 1/3 transverse colon and upper aspect of descending colon
descending branch - inferiorly. lower part of descending colon. anastomoses w/ superior sigmoid artery
sigmoid arteries
inferiorly. cross over psoas major, left ureter and left internal spermatic vessels
supply descending colon and sigmoid colon
2-4 branches
uppermost: superior sigmoid artery
superior rectal artery
descends into pelvis
crosses left common iliac artery and vein
supplies rectum
s3 - 2 branches, each side of rectum
median sacral artery
unpaired parietal artery arising posteriorly at L4
coccyx, lumbar vertebrae, sacrum
lumbar arteries
4 pairs of parietal lumbar arteries arising posterolaterally between L1 and L4
supply abdominal wall and spinal cord
