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Diagnostic Imaging - Cardiac & Abdominal > Abdominal > Flashcards

Abdominal Flashcards

1
Q

Free air in the peritoneal cavity

A

Pneumoperitonium

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2
Q

Enlarged liver

A

Hepatomegaly

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3
Q

Finding an air-fluid level superimposed over the heart on a PA chest X-ray is an indication of what?

A

Hiatal hernia

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4
Q

Routine abdominal view

A

Scout, AP recumbent, plain abdominal

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5
Q

Best view for determining an aneurysm

A

Lateral

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6
Q

View to differentiate gall stones from kidney stones

A

Oblique

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7
Q

Method of choice for evaluating biliary system

A

Diagnostic ultrasound

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8
Q

To view GI fluid levels, use this X-ray view.

A

Decubitus

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9
Q

Used to fragment gall stones

A

Biliary lithotripsy

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10
Q

Used to measure blood flow and velocity

A

Doppler ultrasound

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11
Q

This tool is used for visualization of movement in radiography.

A

Fluoroscopy

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12
Q

In contrast radiography when an agent is administered alone, it is called______.

A

Single contrast

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13
Q

Whan a contrast agent is administered with CO2 or air, the process is called ______.

A

Double contrast

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14
Q

The gold standard for examination of vascular structures is ______.

A

CT

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15
Q

Which abdominal quadrant contains the liver

A

RUQ

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16
Q

Which abdominal quadrant contains the hepatic flex urge of the colon?

A

RUQ

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17
Q

Abdominal quadrant contains right kidney

A

RUQ

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18
Q

Abdominal quadrant containing left kidney

A

LUQ

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19
Q

Abdominal quadrant containing splenic flex ute of colon

A

LUQ

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20
Q

Abdominal quadrant containing sigmoid colon

A

LLQ

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21
Q

Abdominal quadrant containing cecum

A

RLQ

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22
Q

Name of body type with short, broad thorax and abdomen. Organs more transverse and highly placed.

A

Hypersthenic

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23
Q

Body type with very narrow thorax and abdomen. Organs hang low and are mostly in pelvic region.

A

Asthenic

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24
Q

Normal body type

A

Sthenic

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25
Q

Lanky body type. Organs appear longer and lower.

A

Hyposthenic

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26
Q

Name of abdominal calcification pattern. Coin size or smaller. Rounded ringed, laminated. Typical for stones.

A

Concretion

27
Q

Name of abdominal calcifications with Large ringed, calcified wall of a hollow organ.

A

Cystic

28
Q

Name of abdominal calcifications. Parallel lines or curvilinear calcifications often with skip areas.

A

Conduit or tubular

29
Q

When abdominal aorta is > ______ cm, aneurysm is present

A

3 cm

30
Q

What feature may be present on lumbar vertebral body that may indicate aneurysm?

A

Anterior scalloping

31
Q

Imaging gold standard for determining abdominal aortic aneurysm?

A

CT aortography

32
Q

Is obesity a risk factor for abdominal aortic aneurysm?

A

No

33
Q

Is age > 50 a risk factor for abdominal aortic aneurysm?

A

Yes

34
Q

Is smoking a risk factor for abdominal aortic aneurysm?

A

Yes

35
Q

Is a pulsatilla palpable mass a possible physical finding for an abdominal aortic aneurysm?

A

Yes

36
Q

What type of aneurysm represents a dilation of all 3 layers of the aorta?

A

True aneurysm

37
Q

Type of aneurysm where blood enters a tear in the intima and travels some distance through a false lumen.

A

Dissecting aneurysm

38
Q

Type of aneurysm due to rupture of vessel wall commonly caused from trauma or iatrogenic needle, puncture, surgery.

A

Pseudo aneurysm, false aneurysm

39
Q

Most common shape of aneurysm. Entire circumference of aorta is dilated.

A

Fusiform

40
Q

Shape of aneurysm with local outpouring. Involves only part of the circumference.

A

Sacular

41
Q

A venous calcification is called ________.

A

Phlebolith

42
Q

A stone that fills the entire renal pelvis

A

Staghorn calculus

43
Q

Another term for gall stones

A

Cholelithiasis

44
Q

Obstruction of the common bile duct is called

A

Choledocholithiasis

45
Q

Risk factors for gall stones

A

Female, fat, forty, fertile, family hx

46
Q

“popcorn ball” appearance in female uterine

A

Uterine fibroma

47
Q

Healed and calcified abscess in psoas muscle

A

Cold abscess from healed TB

48
Q

Abnormal intraluminal intestinal gas pattern

A

D.A.D. Distension, Air-Fluid level absent, Displacement (adjacent organomegally or mass)

49
Q

How much distension is normal for small intestine?

A

< 3 cm

50
Q

How much Distension is normal for large intestine?

A

6 cm

51
Q

How much Distension is normal for the cecum

A

9 cm

52
Q

A coiled spring appearance in the small intestine may be an indication of _____.

A

Small intestine Distension

53
Q

Most common type of hiatal hernia

A

Sliding, aka axial

54
Q

How many air-fluid levels are normal in small intestine?

A

Up to 3. > 3 is abnormal

55
Q

Obstruction of the intestines is called _____.

A

An ileus

56
Q

A complete or partial mechanical blockage of the intestines is known as _____.

A

A dynamic, mechanical, obstructive ileus.

57
Q

A temporary arrest of intestinal peristalsis in the absence of physical obstruction is known as ______.

A

Adynamic, paralytic, reflex ileus

58
Q

When the bowel twists upon itself, called ___

A

Volvulus

59
Q

A X-ray showing an inverted U of the large bowel may be a __________.

A

Volvulus

60
Q

Most likely location of a volvulus

A

Sigmoid colon

61
Q

Free air in the peritoneal cavity is known as

A

Pneumoperitoneum

62
Q

Accumulation of water displacing abdominal organs is called _____

A

Ascites

63
Q

Which is the largest kidney?

A

Left

64
Q

Excessive drooping of the kidney is called

A

Kidney ptosis

Diagnostic Imaging - Cardiac & Abdominal (4 decks)

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