Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PD > Abdomen > Flashcards

Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

SX: epigastric pain that may radiate to the back

A

Peptic ulcer disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

SX: epigastric pain that may radiate to the back, both steady and deep pains

A

Pancreatitis-if acute it’s also poorly localized

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

SX:

  • steady, aching pain that may radiate to the scapula and shoulder
  • R upper quadrant pain or upper abdominal pain
A

Acute Cholecystitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

SX:

  • patient tries to prevent any movement,
  • rebound tenderness
A

Peritonitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

SX:

  • poorly localized umbilical pain followed by RLQ pain
  • pain begins as mild with cramping, and becomes steady, more severe
A

Acute appendicitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

SX:

  • fluid waves traveling across abdomen
  • shifting dullness that could go away when the patient lies on the opposite side
  • Secussion splash
A

Ascites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Secussion splash

A

hearing fluid sloshing around as a person moves–sometimes indicates fluid in the abdomen and usually associated with ascites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Diverticulitis

A

an outpouching of the mucosal layer of teh GI tract that pouches out through the muscular layer and pinches off. It can become huge and inflamed if bacteria gets inside of it
- leads to thickening of the colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the 3 main steps (in order) of the abdominal exam?

A
  • Inspect
  • Auscultate
  • Palpate/percuss
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What’s a scaphoid abdomen? What is the opposite of this?

A
  • an abdomen that’s concave instead of convex

- protuberant abdomen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why do we auscultate before palpating?

A
  • so we don’t move everything around and stirring it up before we listen to it
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Increased bowel sounds means

A

diarrhea or early intestinal obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

some gurgling bowel sounds means

A

normal bowel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

decreased/no bowel sounds means

A

adynamic ileus (paralysis of intestinal motility) and peritonitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What’s a murmur heard in a blood vessel that corresponds to the cardiac cycle?
- what does this sound suggest when heard during an abdominal exam?

A
  • bruits

- suggests partial occlusion of the aorta, larger arteries or renal artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When you hear a whoosh on abdominal exam, this generally means

A
  • hypertension
17
Q

Where do you generally hear the following sounds during percussion?

  • dull
  • flat
  • resonant
  • tympanic
  • hyperresonant
A
  • dense tissue (ex: liver)
  • bone
  • low, hollow sounds that are characteristically heard over the lungs
  • hollow drum-like sounds heard over the stomach
  • can be in the lungs when they’re over-distended or in the case of a pneumothorax
18
Q

The liver span should be ______

A
  • 6-12 cm
19
Q

Splenic percussion sign

A
  • percussing at the lowest interspace in the L axillary line and it should be tympanic both on inspiration and expiration
  • if dull, this is a sign of splenomegaly
20
Q

Traube’s Space

A

semilunar space between the L lung and L lobe of the liver. Normally you should hear tympany here, but if you hear dullness suspect splenomegaly

21
Q

6 F’s of abdominal distension

A
  • Fat
  • feces
  • flatus
  • fetus
  • fatal concerns (i.e., cancer)
  • fluid
22
Q

Normal findings in the RUQ

A
  • liver
  • galbladder
  • duodenum
  • head of pancreas
23
Q

Normal findings in the LUQ

A
  • spleen
  • tail of pancreas
  • stomach
  • transverse colon
24
Q

Normal findings in the RLQ

A
  • appendix

- ovaries

25
Q

Normal findings in the LLQ

A
  • colon

- diverticulitis ?

26
Q

Involuntary continuous contraction of the abdominal wall that my only be on one side ____.
- what is this a sign of?

A
  • guarding

- peritonitis

27
Q

How do you check for rebound tenderness and what are you looking for?

A
  • press down with fingers and quickly withdraw
  • Pain induced or increased by quick withdrawal = rebound tenderness
  • suspect peritoneal inflammation
28
Q

Rovsing’s sign

A
  • press deeply and evenly in the LLQ and withdraw quickly. Pain in the RLQ during LLQ pressure is a positive Rovsing’s side
  • suspect appendicitis
29
Q

Obturator sign

A

patient lies on back and flexes their R thigh at the hip with the knee bent and then rotates the leg internally at the hip

  • if there’s R hypogastric pain then this is a positive obturator sign
  • suggest appendicitis
30
Q

Psoas sign

A

patient lies on their L side and extends the R leg at the hip to stretch the psoas muscle

  • increased abdominal pain means a positive psoas sign
  • suggest appendicitis
31
Q

A positive Murphy’s sign suggests

A
  • acute cholecystitis
32
Q

How do you test for Costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness

A

use the heel of the hand to hit the patient at the CVA

- a positive test indicates renal disease, pyelonephritis

PD (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions