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PLE Anatomy > Abdomen > Flashcards

Abdomen Flashcards

Pass the Boards!

1
Q

Pain from the 3 segments of the ureter is referred to which areas?

A

Upper - back behind kidney
Middle - inguinal region
Lower - Penis or clitoris

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2
Q

Branches of the celiac artery

A

Left Gastric Artery
Splenic Artery
Hepatic Artery

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3
Q

Branches of the splenic artery

A

Pancreatic branches
Left Gastroepiploic Artery
Short Gastric Artery

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4
Q

Branches of the hepatic artery

A

Right Gastric Artery
Gastroduodenal Artery
Right Hepatic Artery - Cystic Artery
Left Hepatic Artery

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5
Q

Branches of the gastroduodenal artery

A

Right Gastroepiploic Artery

Superior Pancreaticoduodenal Artery

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6
Q

Branches of the superior mesenteric artery

A 
Inferior Pancreaticoduodenal Artery
Middle Colic Artery
Inferior Colic Artery
Ileocolic Artery
Jejunal Branches
Ileal Branches
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7
Q

Branches of the inferior mesenteric artery

A

Left Colic artery
Sigmoid Artery
Superior Rectal Artery

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8
Q

Three main openings of the diaphragm, vertical location, and their contents

A 
Aortic Opening (T12) - aorta, azygos vein, thoracic duct
Esophageal Opening (T10) - Esophagus, right and left vagus nerve, esophageal vessels, lymphatics
Caval Opening (T8) - inferior vena cava, right phrenic nerve
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9
Q

Shape of the adrenal glands?

A

Right - pyramid

Left - crescent

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10
Q

Blood supply of adrenal gland

A

Aorta, Inferior phrenic artery, renal artery

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11
Q

Venous drainage of adrenal gland

A

Right - IVC

Left - renal vein

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12
Q

The aorta bifurcates to the common iliac arteries at what level?

A

L4

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13
Q

Campers and Scarpa’s fascia - which is fatty layer which is membranous? which is deep which is superficial

A

Camper - superficial, fatty later

Scarpa’s - deep membranous

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14
Q

Anterior abdominal wall fascia continuous with the superficial fascia of the back and thorax?

A

Scarpa’s fascia

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15
Q

Membranous fascia in the scrotum

A

Colles’ Fascia

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16
Q

Thin layer of smooth muscle in the scrotum, which is analogue of the Camper’s fascia

A

Dartos muscle

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17
Q

Rupture of penile urethra may be followed by extravasation of urine into which structures?

A

Scrotum, perineum, penis, lower part of anterior abdominal wall deep to Scarpa’s fascia

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18
Q

Triangular shaped defect in the external oblique aponeurosis immediately above and medial to pubic tubercle

A

Superficial inguinal ring

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19
Q

Structure passing through the superficial inguinal ring?

A

Spermatic cord - male

Round ligament of the uterus - female

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20
Q

Between the ASIS and the pubic tubercle, the lower border of the external oblique aponeurosis folds backward on itself, forming what?

A

Inguinal ligament

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21
Q

Ligament extending backward and upward from medial end of inguinal ligament to the pectineal line?

A

Lacunar ligament

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22
Q

The free crescentic edge of the lacunar ligament forms the medial margin of which structure?

A

Femoral ring

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23
Q

The fascia lata is attached to the inferior border of which structure?

A

Inguinal Ligament

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24
Q

Which side of the conjoint tendon is a free border?

A

Lateral

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25
Q

Muscle found in the spermatic cord

A

Cremaster

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26
Q

Posterior border of which of the following is attached to the lumbar vertebrae by the lumbar fascia?
A. External Oblique
B. Internal Oblique
C. Transversus

A

B and C.

A has a free posterior border

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27
Q

Curved ridge seen when the rectus abdominis contracts

A

Linea semilunaris

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28
Q

Three tendinous intersections of the rectus sheath?

A
  1. Level of xiphoid process
  2. Level of umbilicus
  3. Halfway between 1 and 2
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29
Q

Small muscle in the lower part of the rectus abdominis which is often absent

A

Pyramidalis

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30
Q

Anterior and posterior wall of the rectus sheath above the costal margin

A

Anterior - External oblique aponeurosis

Posterior - 5th - 7th costal cartilage and intercostal space

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31
Q

Anterior and posterior wall of the rectus sheath between costal margin and ASIS

A

Anterior - External + Internal oblique aponeuroisis

Posterior - Internal oblique + Transversus aponeurosis

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32
Q

Anterior and posterior wall of the rectus sheath below the ASIS

A

Anterior - Aponeurosis of all 3 muscles

Posterior - free. connected with fascia transversalis

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33
Q

Free curved lower border of the posterior wall of the rectus sheath?

A

Arcuate Line

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34
Q

What vessels enter the rectussheath at the arcuate line?

A

Inferior epigastric vessels

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35
Q

The rectus abdominis is wider above or below the umbilicus?

A

Above

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36
Q

Blunt trauma to the abdominal wall may cause midline abdominal pain associated with an acutely tender mass confined to one rectus sheath may cause rectus sheath hematoma. Which structure is the source of bleeding?

A

Inferior epigastric vein (more common)

artery, rarely

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37
Q

The femoral sheath is formed from which fascia?

A

Fascia transversalis

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38
Q

A middle aged woman with poor abdominal muscles from multiple pregnancies is often incapable of supporting her abdominal viscera. The lower part of the wall protrudes forward. What condition is this?

A

Visceroptosis

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39
Q

Innervation of the skin, musclks, and parietal peritoneum of anterior abdominal wall

A

Anterior rami of T7-T12

Iliohypogastric + Ilioinguinal nerve (L1)

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40
Q

Dermatome over the xiphoid process?

A

T7

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41
Q

Dermatome over the pubis

A

L1

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42
Q

Main arteries of anterior abdominal wall

A 
Superior Epigastric
Inferior Epigastric
Deep Circumflex Iliac
Lower two posterior intercostal artery
branches of aorta
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43
Q

The superior epigastric artery is a terminal branch of which artery?

A

Internal thoracic artery

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44
Q

The inferior epigastric artery and deep circumflex artery are branches of which larger artery?

A

External iliac

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45
Q

Paraumbilical veins connect the veins of the anterior abdominal wall to which major vein

A

Portal vein

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46
Q

If the vena cava is blocked, trace the collateral pathway passing through the abdominal wall

A

Axillary vein - lateral thoracic vein - superficial epigastric vein - great saphenous vein - femoral vein

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47
Q

Lymph drainage of anterior abdominal wall

A

Above umbilicus, front - anterior axillary lymph nodes
Above umbilicus, back - posterior axillary lymph nodes
Below umbilicus - Superficial inguinal nodes

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48
Q

Length of inguinal canal in the adult

A

1.5 in (4 cm)

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49
Q

Margins of the deep inguinal ring provide attachment for this fascia

A

Internal Spermatic Fascia

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50
Q

The crura, or margin of the superficial inguinal ring provide attachment for this fascia

A

External Spermatic Fascia

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51
Q

Vessels located medial to the deep inguinal ring?

A

Inferior epigastric vessels

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52
Q

Weakest part of the inguinal canal?

A

Superficial and Deep Inguinal Ring

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53
Q

Contents of the spermatic cord?

A 
Vas deferens
Testicular artery
Testicular veins
Testicular lymph vessels
Autonomic Nerves
Remains of processus vaginalis
Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve
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54
Q

Venous plexus draining the testis

A

Pampiniform plexus

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55
Q

The testicular veins drain differently on the left and right side. What are they?

A

Left - left renal vein

Right - IVC

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56
Q

Lymphatic drainage of testis meet at what nodes?

A

Para-aortic lymph nodes

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57
Q

Innervation of cremaster

A

Genital Branch of Genitofemoral nerve

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58
Q

Coverings of the Spermatic Cord are derived from layers of the abdominal wall. Match them

A

External spermatic fascia - External oblique aponeurosis
Cremasteric fascia - internal oblique muscle fascia
Internal spermatic fascia - fascia transversalis

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59
Q

Afferent fibers of the cremasteric reflex

A

L1 and L2 (medial thigh)

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60
Q

Innermost wall of the scrotum directly covering the testes

A

Tunica Vaginalis

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61
Q

Which testes is lower, left or right?

A

Left

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62
Q

Tough fibrous capsule surrounding testis

A

Tunica Albuginea

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63
Q

Trace path of sperm from lobule to epididymis

A

Lobule - Seminiferous tubule - rete testis - efferent ductules - epididymis

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64
Q

The epididymis is located ___ to the testis

A

Posterior

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65
Q

A tuberculous disease from the vertebrae may spread to the upper thigh by passing under the fascia of this muscle?

A

Psoas Major

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66
Q

A patient was stabbed lateral to the rectus sheath. What structures in the anterior abdominal wall are hit by the knife?

A 
Skin,
Campers Fascia,
Scarpa's Fascia, 
Deep fascia, 
external oblique
internal oblique
transversus abdominis
fascia transversalis
extraperitoneal connective tissue, 
parietal peritoneum
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67
Q

A patient was stabbed anterior to the rectus sheath. What structures in the anterior abdominal wall are hit by the knife?

A 
Skin,
Campers Fascia,
Scarpa's Fascia, 
Deep fascia, 
Anterior rectus sheath
Rectus abdominis
posterior rectus sheath
fascia transversalis
extraperitoneal connective tissue, 
parietal peritoneum
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68
Q

A patient was stabbed in the midline. What structures in the anterior abdominal wall are hit by the knife?

A 
Skin,
Campers Fascia,
Scarpa's Fascia, 
Deep fascia, 
Linea alba
fascia transversalis
extraperitoneal connective tissue, 
parietal peritoneum
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69
Q

The peritoneal cavity is divided into two, greater sac and lesser sac. The two sacs communicate with each other through what structure?

A

Epiploic foramen (Foramen of Winslow)

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70
Q

TRUE OR FALSE. Intraperitoneal organs are those found inside the peritoneal cavity

A

FALSE. There is no organ inside the peritoneal cavity. Intraperitoneal means it is covered by visceral peritoneum on all sides.

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71
Q

Fold of peritoneum connecting the greater curvature of the stomach to the transverse colon?

A

Greater Omentum

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72
Q

Fold of peritoneum connecting the stomach to the hilum of the spleen

A

Gastrosplenic Omentum

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73
Q

Fold of peritoneum suspending the lesser curvature of stomach from the fissure of the ligamentum venosum and porta hepatis on the undersurface of the liver?

A

Lesser omentum

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74
Q

Borders of the epiploic foramen (A, P, S, I)

A

Anterior - free border of lesser omentum, bile duct, hepatic artery, portal vein
Posterior - IVC
Superior -Caudate lobe of liver
Inferior - D1

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75
Q

Parietal and Visceral peritoneum are sensitive to which sensations?

A

Parietal - pain, temperature, touch, pressure

Visceral - stretch and tearing only

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76
Q

Lowest areas of the peritoneal cavity on the supine position

A

Right subphrenic peritoneal space and pelvic cavity

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77
Q

Volume of ascites required for it to be recognized clinically?

A

1500 mL

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78
Q

Anterior and posterior relations of the abdominal esophagus

A

Anterior - Left lobe of liver

Posterior - Left crus of diaphragm

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79
Q

Arterial Supply of Esophagus

A

Left gastric artery

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80
Q

Lymph Drainage of Esophagus

A

Left gastric nodes

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81
Q

The gastroesophageal sphincter is
A. Anatomic
B. Physiologic
C. Both

A

B. Physiologic only

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82
Q

Parasympathic plexus in the wall of the esophagus

A

Auerbach’s plexus

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83
Q

Portal-systemic venous anastomosis in the esophagus is between which two vessels

A

Left gastric vein and azygos vein

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84
Q

Capacity of the adult stomach in mL

A

1500 mL

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85
Q

Part of stomach usually full of gas

A

Fundus

86
Q

Constant notch in the lower part of the lesser curvature of stomach which marks boundary between body and antrum

A

Incisura Angularis

87
Q

Blood supply of the fundus of the stomac

A

Short gastric arteries

88
Q

Left gastric artery comes from which artery? What does it supply

A

Celiac artery

Lower 3rd of esophagus and Upper right stomach

89
Q

Right gastric artery comes from which artery? What does it supply

A

Hepatic artery

Lower right stomach

90
Q

Left gastroepiploic artery comes from which artery? What does it supply

A

Splenic artery

Upper greater curvature

91
Q

Right gastroepiploic artery comes from which artery? What does it supply

A

Gastroduodenal artery

Lower greater curvature

92
Q

Drainage of left and right gastric vein

A

Portal vein directly

93
Q

Drainage of short gastric vein and left gastroepiploic vein

A

Splenic Vein

94
Q

Drainage of the right gastroepiploic vein

A

Superior Mesenteric Vein

95
Q

Lymphatic Drainage of stomach?

A

Left and right gastric nodes, left and right gastroepiploic nodes, short gastric nodes. All converge to the celiac nodes

96
Q

The anterior and posterior vagal trunks supply the stomach. They come from which nerves?

A

Anterior - left vagus

Posterior - right vagus

97
Q

Length of the duodenum

A

10 in (25 cm)

98
Q

Is the duodenum intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal?

A

First inch intraperitoneal, rest is retroperitoneal

99
Q

Part of the duodenum which runs upward and backward on the transpyloric plane

A

D1

100
Q

Part of the duodenum in front of the hilum of the right kidney

A

D2

101
Q

Part of the duodenum where the ampulla is located?

A

D2

102
Q

Part of the duodenum running horizontally

A

D3

103
Q

Part of the duodenum running vertically downward

A

D2

104
Q

Part of the duodenum held by the ligament of Treitz

A

D4

105
Q

The ligament of Treitz attaches which two structures?

A

Right crus of diaphragm and Duodenojejunal flexure

106
Q

Circular folds found in the duodenum. (3 names)

A

Plicae circulares, Valves of Kerkcring, or Valvulae Conniventes

107
Q

Part of the duodenum with no circular folds

A

D1

108
Q

Blood supply of duodenum

A

Superior and Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery and vein

109
Q

Lymph drainage of duodenum

A

Pancreaticoduodenal node – gastroduodenal node – celiac nodes

or

pancreaticoduodenal node – superior mesenteric nodes

110
Q

Which part of the duodenum is most susceptible to tear in crush injuries

A

D3 - related to third lumbar vertebra

111
Q

Perforated ulcer of the anterior wall of the intraperitoneal duodenum will affect what structures

A

Greater sac, right paracolic gutter, right iliac fossa

112
Q

Perforated ulcer of the posterior wall of the intraperitoneal duodenum will affect what structures

A

Gastroduodenal artery, causing severe hemorrhage

113
Q

Jejunum versus ileum (in terms of viscus wall)

A

Jejunum - thicker,wider, redder. More and larger plicae circulares
Ileum - smaller, fewer plicae circulares, none at the lower part

114
Q

Jejunum vs ileum (in terms of blood vessels)

A

Jejunum - one or two arcades with long infrequentbranches

Ileum - numerous arcades >3, and numerous short terminal vessels

115
Q

Peyers patches can be found in which part of the small intestine?

A

Mucous membrane of lower ileum along antimesenteric border

116
Q

Blood supply of jejunum and ileum

A

Superior Mesenteric aretry/vein

Lower ileum - ileocolic artery/vein

117
Q

Lymphatic drainage of jejunum and ileum

A

Superior mesenteric nodes

118
Q

The appendix is attached to which surface of the cecum?

A

Posteromedial

119
Q

Which of the following structures is present in the cecum?

  1. Peritoneal covering
  2. Mesentery
  3. Teniae Coli
A

1 and 3

120
Q

Blood supply of the cecum

A

Anterior and posterior cecal artery/vein, from the ileocolic artery/vein

121
Q

Lymph drainage of the cecum

A

Superior mesenteric nodes

122
Q

Ileocecal Valve vs Ileocecal Sphincter?

A

Valve - folds of mucous membrane. No function

Sphincter - circular muscle at lower end of ileum, controls flow

123
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: The appendix is completely covered with peritoneum and has a mesentery

A

TRUE. Mesoappendix is the mesentery

124
Q

What is McBurney’s point?

A

One third the way up line joining right ASIS and umbilicus

125
Q

How do surgeons locate the base of the appendix?

A

Identify teniae coli of cecum and trace to base, where they converge to form continuous longitudinal muscle coat

126
Q

The appendicular artery is a branch of which larger artery?

A

Posterior cecal artery

127
Q

Lymph drainage of appendix?

A

Nodes of mesoappendix - superior mesenteric nodes

128
Q

The hepatic flexure of the colon touches which lobeo f the liver?

A

Right lobe

129
Q

Blood supply of ascending colon?

A

Ileocolic and right colic artery/vein

130
Q

Lymph drainage of ascending colon?

A

Nodes along colic blood vessels – Superior mesenteric nodes

131
Q

The transverse colon is suspended by the _____ from the pancreas,

A

Transverse mesocolon

132
Q

The transverse colon is suspended from the diaphragm by which structure?

A

Phrenicocolic ligament

133
Q

Blood supply of the transverse colon

A

Proximal 2/3 - middle colic artery/vein

Distal 1/3 - left colic artery/vein

134
Q

Lymph drainage of the transverse colon?

A

Proximal 2/3 - colic nodes - superior mesenteric nodes

Distal 1/3 - colic nodes - inferior mesenteric nodes

135
Q

The descending colon becomes continuous with the sigmoid colon at which landmark

A

Pelvic brim

136
Q

Blood supply of the descending colon

A

Left colic artery/vein and sigmoid branches of inferior mesenteric artery/vein

137
Q

Lymphatic drainage of the descending colon

A

Colic lymph nodes – inferior mesenteric lymph nodes

138
Q

Anastomosis of colic arteries around concave margin of the large intestine forms this arterial trunk?

A

Marginal artery

139
Q

The portal vein is formed behind the neck of the pancreas by the union of which two veins?

A

Splenic Vein and Superior Mesenteric Vein

140
Q

Tributaries of the portal vein?

A 
Splenic Vein
Inferior Mesenteric Vein
Superior Mesenteric Vein
Left Gastric Vein
RIght Gastric Vein
Cystic Veins
141
Q

Tributaries of the splenic vein?

A

Short gastric vein,
Left gastroepiploic vein
Inferior Mesenteric Vein
Pancreatic Vein

142
Q

Tributaries of the inferior mesenteric veins

A

Superior rectal vein
Sigmoid vein
left colic vein

143
Q

Tributaries of the superior mesenteric vein

A 
Jejunal vein
Ileal vein
ileocolic vein
right colic vein
middle colic vein
inferior pancreaticoduodenal vein
right gastroepiploic vein
144
Q

Difference in arrangement of longitudinal muscles in small and large intestine?

A

Small - forms continuous layer around gut

Large - Collected into three bands - the teniae coli

145
Q

Fatty tags attached to the wall of the large intestine, not present in small intestine

A

Appendices epiploicae

146
Q

Largest gland in the body

A

Liver

147
Q

Anticoagulant synthesizedin the liver

A

Heparin

148
Q

Lobes of the liver

A

Right - quadrade, caudate

Left

149
Q

The quadrate and caudate lobe are part of the left or right?

A

Anatomically, right

Functionally (blood supply) - left

150
Q

Contents of the porta hepatis

A

Right and left hepatic ducts
Right and left hepatic artery
Portal vein
Sympathetic and parasympathetic

151
Q

The porta hepatis is found on which surface of the liver? (anatomic direction)

A

Posteroinferior

152
Q

TRUE or FALSE: The liver is completely covered with peritoneum?

A

FALSE. An area devoid of peritoneum exists, called the “bare area of the liver”

153
Q

Two layered fold of peritoneum extending from the umbilicus to the liver, splitting right and left lobes

A

Falciform ligament

154
Q

The falciform ligament passes on to the anterior and superior surfaces of the liver and splits into two layers, the ____

A

Right - coronary ligament – right triangular ligament

Left left trianguular ligament

155
Q

Remnant of the umbilical vein

A

Ligamentum Teres

156
Q

The ligamentum teres is found on which surface of the liver?

A

Visceral surface

157
Q

Remnant oif the ductus venosus

A

Ligamentum venosum

158
Q

Blood supply of the liver

A 
Hepatic artery (30%)
Portal Vein (70%)
Hepatic vein - drainage
159
Q

Lymph drainage of the liver

A

Lymph nodes in porta hepatis - celiac nodes

160
Q

Rate of bile production in the liver

A

40mL/hr

161
Q

Which bile ducts emerge from the liver in the porta hepatis

A

Right and left hepatic duct

162
Q

The ampulla of Vater is located in which wall of the duodenum?

A

Medial wall of D2

163
Q

Circular muscle at the terminal of the common bile duct and pancreatic duct

A

Sphincter of Oddi

164
Q

The gallbladder fundus comes into contact with the anterior abdominal wall at the tip of which costal cartilage?

A

9th

165
Q

Capacity of the gallbladder

A

30-50mL

166
Q

Blood supply of gallbladder

A

Cystic artery/vein

167
Q

Lymph drainage of gallbladder

A

Cystic node – hepatic nodes – celiac nodes

168
Q

The mucous membrane of the cystic duct is raised to form a spiral fold that is continuous with a similar fold in the neck of the gallbladder. This fold is called?

A

Spiral valve

169
Q

Part of the head of the pancreas which extends to the left behind the superior mesenteric vessels

A

Uncinate process

170
Q

The neck of the pancreas is located in front of the beginnings of two vessels. What are they?

A

Superior mesenteric artery

Portal Vein

171
Q

The accesoory duct of the pancreas, when present drains which part?

A

Upper part of head

172
Q

Major duodenal papilla vs Minor duodenal papilla

A

Major - main duct

Minor- accessory duct

173
Q

Duct of Wirsung vs Duct of Santorini

A

Wirsung - Main duct

Santorini - Accessory duct

174
Q

Blood supply of pancreas

A

Superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery/vein

175
Q

Lymph drainage of pancreas

A

Pancreaticoduodenal nodes – Celiac and superior mesenteric nodes

176
Q

Largest single mass of lymphoid tissue in the body

A

Spleen

177
Q

The spleen lies close towhich ribs

A

9th, 10th, and 11th

178
Q

Contents of the splenicorenal ligament

A

Splenic Vessels, Tail of pancreas

179
Q

Blood supply of spleen

A

Splenic Artery/Vein

180
Q

Lymph drainage of spleen

A

Nodes along splenicartery – Celiac Nodes

181
Q

Floor ofthe retroperitoneal space is formed by which muscles

A

Psoas and Quadratus lumborum

182
Q

Which kidney is higher?

A

left

183
Q

The hilum of thekidney extends to a large sinus called

A

Renal Sinus

184
Q

Connective tissue outside the perirenal fat and encloses anterior part of kidneys and adrenals

A

Gerota’s Fascia (Anterior Renal Fascia)

185
Q

Connective tissue outside the perirenal fat and encloses posterior part of kidneys and adrenals

A

Zuckercandl’s Fascia (Posterior Renal Fascia)

186
Q

Coverings of kidney, from posterior abdominal wall to parenchyma

A

Pararenal fat, Renal Fascia (Gerota if anterior, Zuckercandl if Posterior), Perirenal Fat, Fibrous Capsule

187
Q

Divisions of the renal arteryfrom large to small

A

Renal Artery - Segmental Artery - Lobar Artery - Interlobar Artery - Arcuate Artery - Interlobular Artery - Afferent Glomerular Arteriole

188
Q

Each renal pyramid has a blood supply of one ____ artery

A

Lobar

189
Q

Lymph drainage of kidney

A

Lateral aortic lymph nodes

190
Q

How many percent of cardiac outflow passes through the kidneys?

A

25%

191
Q

Length of the ureter

A

10 in (25 cm)

192
Q

Three constrictions along the course of the ureter?

A

Junction with renal pelvis
Junction with pelvic brim
Junctionwith bladder wall

193
Q

Blood supply of the ureter

A

Upper 1/3 - Renal artery/vein
Middle 1/3 - Testicular/Ovarian artery/vein
Lower 1/3 - Superior vesical artery/vein

194
Q

Lymph drainage of ureter

A

Lateral aortic nodes and iliac nodes

195
Q

What separates the adrenal glands from the kidneys?

A

Perirenal fat

196
Q

Main branches of abdominal aorta

A

3 anterior visceral: Celiac artery, SMA, IMA
3 lateral visceral: suprarenal artery, renal artery, testicular/ovarian artery
5 lateral abdominal wall:inferior phrenic, 4 lumbar arteries
3 terminal branches - left and right common iliac artery, median sacral artery

197
Q

What structure crosses anteriorly at the bifurcation of the common iliac artery

A

Ureter

198
Q

The common iliac arteries end in front of which structure

A

Sacroiliac joint

199
Q

Tributaries of the inferior vena cava

A

2 anterior visceral: hepatic veins
3 lateral visceral: right suprarenal, renal veins, right testicular/ovarian vein
5 lateral abdominal wall: inferior phrenic and 4 lumbar
3 origins: 2 common iliac and median sacral vein

200
Q

Blunt trauma to the aorta will cause rupture of which layer last?

A

Tunica adventitia.

Intima and Media rupture first

201
Q

Pre-aortic lymph nodes drain which structures

A

GI tract, HBT, spleen, pancreas

202
Q

Para-aortic lymph nodes, also called lateral aortic or lumbar lymph nodes drain which structures

A

Urinary and reproductive structures

203
Q

The thoracic duct commences in the abdomen as the elongated lymph sac called?

A

Cisterna Chyli

204
Q

Lumbar plexus nerves from L1

A

Iliohypogastric nerve, ilioinguinal nerve, genitofemoral nerve

205
Q

Lumbar plexus nerves from L2

A

Genitofemoral nerve, lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh, obturator nerve, femoral nerve

206
Q

Lumbar plexus nerves from L3

A

lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh, obturator nerve, femoral nerve

207
Q

Lumbar plexus nerves from L4

A

Obturator nerve, nerve to lumbosacral trunk and sacral plexus

208
Q

Lumbar plexus nerves emerging from the lateral border of the psoas

A

Iliohypogastric, ilioinguinal, lateral cutaneous nerve of thigh, femoral nerve

209
Q

Lumbar plexus nerve emerging from the medial border of the psoas

A

Obturator nerve

210
Q

Lumbar plexus nerve emerging from the anterior surface of the psoas.

A

Genitofemoral nerve

PLE Anatomy (8 decks)

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