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Health Assessment > Abdomen > Flashcards

Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

What is anorexia?

A

Loss of appetite that occurs with gastrointestinal disease

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2
Q

When also can anorexia occur?

A
  • As a side effect of some medications
  • With pregnancy
  • Psychological disorders
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3
Q

What are some signs of gastrointestinal cancers?

A
  • Loss of appetite

- Unexplained weight loss

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4
Q

What disorders can dysphagia occur?

A

Disorders of throat and esophagus, such as later stages of esophageal cancer

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5
Q

What are two examples of food intolerances that could affect abdomen? What symptoms do they cause?

A
  • Lactase deficiency: causes bloating

- Wheat allergy/Gluten intolerances: causes abdominal pain, distention or diarrhea

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6
Q

Why do we ask patients if they take antacids?

A

To determine whether they have heartburn

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7
Q

What is pyrosis?

A

Heartburn: a burning sensation in esophagus and stomach cause by reflux of gastric acid

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8
Q

What is eructation? When might it occur excessively?

A

Belching, may occur with food intolerances

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9
Q

Why would we get our patient to point to where their abdomen pain is? (what are 3 causes it could be)

A
  • Visceral: from an internal organ
  • Parietal: from inflammation of overlying peritoneum
  • Referred: from a disorder in another site
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10
Q

What are the distinguishing symptoms of visceral and parietal pain?

A
  • Visceral: dull, general and poorly localized

- Parietal: sharp, precisely localized, aggravated by movement

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11
Q

What are some pain that would lead to urgent diagnosis?

A

appendicitis, cholecystitis, bowel obstruction or perforation of organ

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12
Q

What is pain in upper abdomen a symptom of?

A

Later stages of GI neoplasms (liver or pancreatic cancer)

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13
Q

Chronic pain of gastric ulcers usually occurs when?

A

On empty stomach

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14
Q

When does pain of duodenal ulcers occur?

A

2-3 hours after food and is relieved by more food

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15
Q

Why do we ask patients if they have experienced any nausea or vomiting when talking about abdomen?

A

It is a common side effect of many medication, with GI disease or early pregnancy

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16
Q

What is a symptom that can occur in later stages of GI neoplasms?

A

Nausea/vomiting

17
Q

What is hematemesis? When does it occur

A
  • Vomiting of blood

- With stomach/duodenal ulcers and esophageal varices

18
Q

If you ask patient about what they ate in the last 24 hours, and whether other family members are experiencing the same symptoms, what are eluding to?

A

Food poisoning

19
Q

What would black/tarry stool be caused by?

A

From occult blood from GI bleeding

20
Q

What can cause black/nontarry stool?

A

Iron mediations

21
Q

What causes grey stool?

A

Hepatitis

22
Q

When does red blood in stool occur?

A

With GI bleeding, or localized bleeding around anus

23
Q

What are some symptoms of colorectal cancer?

A
  • Narrower than usual
  • Blood in stool
  • Diarrhea
  • Constipation
24
Q

What is FAP?

A

Familial adenomatous polyposis

25
Q

What causes FAP?

A

Genetic mutation that can be inherited

26
Q

An individual with FAP increases their risk of colon cancer by what percent

A

87%

27
Q

Can over the counter drugs (acetaminophen) have toxic effects?

A

Yes, on the liver

28
Q

What can cause peptic ulcer disease?

A
  • Frequent use of NSAIDs
  • Alcohol
  • Smoking
  • H. pylori infectection
29
Q

What can the herbal supplement ginkgo biloba cause?

A
  • GI upset
  • Nausea/Vomiting
  • Prolonged bleeding
30
Q

In regards to abdomen organs, what can heavy alcohol consumption cause

A
  • Esophageal and liver cancer

- Liver cirrhosis

31
Q

Alcohol can increase the toxic effects of __________

A

acetaminophen on the liver

32
Q

Smoking puts you at a risk for what 3 types of cancers in regards to abdomen organs?

A
  • Esophageal
  • Stomach
  • Pancreatic
33
Q

When asking a patient about their diet, what is it based off of?

A

24 hour recall

34
Q

What are 4 things that could cause nutritional deficit in older adults?

A
  • Limited access to grocery store
  • Limited income
  • Limited to cooking facilities
  • Physical disability ( lack of strength, vision impairment, neurological deficit, etc)
35
Q

Why would we ask an older adult whether they eat alone or share their meals with others?

A

People who live alone, may not want to prepare meals. Also can cause depression and social isolation

36
Q

What would you do differently when asking an older adult about their eating recall?

A
  • 24 hr recall may be more difficult for older adults so instead ask them to keep a week long diary of intake
37
Q

What should fluid intake in older adults be? Why?

A

1500-2000 mL/day to prevent constipation

38
Q

Why would we ask an older adult about what medications they take in regards to the abdomen?

A

There could be GI side effects including nausea, upset stomach, anorexia and dry mouth

Health Assessment (11 decks)

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