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Year 2 Anatomy > Abdomen 4 > Flashcards

Abdomen 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What if the function of the spleen?

A

Storage of red blood cells

Phagocytosis

Filter blood (breaks down old RBCs)

Stores iron (as ferritin or bilirubin)

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2
Q

How is the spleen peritonised?

A

Intraperitoneal

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3
Q

In which region of the abdominal cavity is the spleen located?

A

Left hypochondrial

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4
Q

Does the spleen move with respiration?

A

Yes

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5
Q

What structures are in the hilum of the spleen?

A

Splenic artery

Splenic vein

Gastrosplenic ligament

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6
Q

The tail of which organ is closely related to the hilum of the spleen?

A

Pancreas

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7
Q

What must a surgeon take care not to damage during removal of the spleen?

A

Pancreas

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8
Q

What is unique about the pancreas in terms of what type of gland it is?

A

It is partly exocrine and partly endocrine

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9
Q

How is the pancreas peritonised?

A

Retroperitoneal

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10
Q

What is A?

A

Abdominal aorta

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11
Q

What is B?

A

Spleen

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12
Q

What is C?

A

Tail of pancreas

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13
Q

What is D?

A

Duodenum

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14
Q

What is E?

A

Neck of pancreas

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15
Q

What is F?

A

Celiac trunk

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16
Q

Which vein is formed posterior to the neck of the pancreas?

A

Hepatic portal vein

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17
Q

In which part of the duodenum does the pancreatic duct open?

A

Descending part

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18
Q

What is A?

A

Right lobe of liver

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19
Q

What is B?

A

Coronary ligament

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20
Q

What is C?

A

Left triangular ligament

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21
Q

What is D?

A

Left lobe of liver

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22
Q

What is E?

A

Falciform ligament

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23
Q

What is F?

A

Round ligament of liver

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24
Q

What is G?

A

Gallbladder

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25
Q

What is the round ligament of the liver also known as?

A

Ligamentum teres

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26
Q

The round ligament of the liver is a remnant of which embryological structure?

A

Fetal umbilical vein

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27
Q

What is A?

A

Caudate lobe

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28
Q

What is B?

A

Bare area of liver

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29
Q

What is C?

A

Right lobe of liver

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30
Q

What is D?

A

Gallbladder

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31
Q

What is E?

A

Quadate lobe

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32
Q

What is F?

A

Left lobe of liver

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33
Q

What is G?

A

Porta hepatis

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34
Q

What is the ‘bare area’ of the liver bare of?

A

Peritoneum

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35
Q

Name 4 structures that are present in the porta hepatis?

A

Hepatic portal vein

Hepatic artery

Hepative nerve plexus

Hepatic ducts

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36
Q

What fold of peritoneum is wrapped around the structures of the porta hepatis?

A

Visceral

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37
Q

What does the extrahepatic biliary apparatus consist of?

A

Common hepatic duct

Cystic duct

Gall bladder

Left hepatic duct

Right hepatic duct

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38
Q

Where is bile produced?

A

Liver

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39
Q

Where is bile stored?

A

Gallbladder

40
Q

Where does bile enter the gut tube?

A

Descending duodenum

41
Q

What is the function of bile?

A

Emulsify fat so can be absorbed in the small intestine

42
Q

What is A?

A

Right hepatic duct

43
Q

What is B?

A

Left hepatic duct

44
Q

What is C?

A

Common hepatic duct

45
Q

What is D?

A

Bile duct

46
Q

What is E?

A

Main pancreatic duct

47
Q

What is F?

A

Cystic duct

48
Q

What is G?

A

Cystic duct

49
Q

What is A?

A

Hepatopancreatic sphincter

50
Q

What is B?

A

Descending duodenum

51
Q

What is C?

A

Sphincter of bile duct

52
Q

What is D?

A

Bile duct

53
Q

What is E?

A

Main pancreatic duct

54
Q

What is F?

A

Sphincter of pancreatic duct

55
Q

What is G?

A

Hepatopancreatic ampulla

56
Q

What may be caused of biliary obstruction?

A

Gall stones

Cancer of the head of the pancreas

57
Q

What forms Calot’s cystohepatic triangle?

A

Cystic duct

Common hepatic duct

Inferior surface of liver

58
Q

What are the main histological features of the pancreas?

A

Islets of Langerhans

Pure serous acini

Small lobules surrounded by connective tissue septa

59
Q

What is this image of?

A

Liver

60
Q

What is this an image of?

A

Pancreas

61
Q

What is A?

A

Islet of Langerhans

62
Q

What are the main histological features of the liver?

A

Cells are arranged in sheets and converging towards centre (central vein)

At the corner of the lobule connective tissue encloses portal areas which contain blood vessels and ducts

63
Q

What is 4?

A

Central vein

64
Q

What is this image of?

A

Spleen

65
Q

What is the spleen covered by and what is it formed by?

A

Dense fibromuscular capsule formed of collagen and elastic fibres with scattered smooth muscle

66
Q

What is the parenchyma of the spleen called?

A

Pulp (red pulp and white pulp)

67
Q
A
68
Q

What is the main contents of red pulp?

A

Venous sinuses and splenic cords

69
Q

What is the main contents of white pulp?

A

Lymphatic tissue

70
Q

Which costal cartilage is the surface marking of the gallbladder?

A

9th costal carilage

71
Q

Does the liver move with respiration?

A

Yes, due to being intraperitonised

72
Q

Which ribs relate to the spleen?

A

Ribs 9 to 11

73
Q

Which abdominal plane crosses the pancreas?

A

Transpyloric plane

74
Q

Which part of the pancreas crosses through the transpyloric plane?

A

Neck of pancreas

75
Q

What organs does the transpyloric plane run through?

A

Duodenum (descending)

Pancreas (neck)

Kidneys

76
Q

What costal cartilage does the transpyloric plane relate to?

A

9th costal cartilage

77
Q

What kind of radiological procedure is this?

A

Abdominal angiogram

78
Q

What is A?

A

Right common ilac artery

79
Q

What is B?

A

Inferior vena cava

80
Q

What is C?

A

Abdominal aorta

81
Q

What is D?

A

Left common iliac artery

82
Q

What spinal level is this?

A

T11

83
Q

What is A?

A

IVC

84
Q

What is B?

A

Stomach

85
Q

What is C?

A

Spleen

86
Q

What is D?

A

Spinal cord

87
Q

What is E?

A

Body of vertebrae

88
Q

What is F?

A

Abdominal aorta

89
Q

What is G?

A

Liver

90
Q

What spinal level is this?

A

L2

91
Q

What is A?

A

Right kidney

92
Q

What is B?

A

Liver

93
Q

What is C?

A

Transverse colon

94
Q

What is D?

A

Left kidney

95
Q

What spinal level is this?

A

L3

Year 2 Anatomy (17 decks)

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