Abdomen Flashcards
Space between thorax and pelvis
Abdomen
What forms the upper barrier of the abdomen
Diaphragm
When does the abdomen and and pelvis begin
At the level of the pelvic bones
The belly refers to the
Abdomen
The basin refers to the
Pelvis
In the area below the abdomen that ends at the area between the thighs
Pelvis
Boundaries of the abdomen
Anterolateral and posterior abdominal walls
Diaphragm
Pelvic inlet
Contents of the abdomen
Stomach, small intestine, large intestine, vermiform appendix, pancreas, spleen, liver, gallbladder, kidneys, ureters, adrenal glands
Boundaries of the pelvis
Pelvic inlet
pelvic girdle
pelvic diaphragm
Contents of the pelvis
Internal genitalia, external genitalia, urinary bladder, urethra, rectum and anus
Abdomen blood supply
Celiac trunk
Superior mesenteric artery
Inferior mesenteric artery
Middle suprarenal arteries
Renal arteries
Inferior phrenic artery
Inferior vena cava
Hepatic portal vein

Pelvis blood supply
Internal iliac arteries
Gonadal arteries
Median sacral artery
Superior rectal artery
Inferior vena cava
Hepatic portal vein
Main nerve of the abdomen
Vagus nerve
Review
For easier clinical orientation, abdomen is divided into four quadrants
Right upper quadrant
Left upper quadrant
Right lower quadrant
Left lower quadrant
Which plane divides the abdomen into 2 halves (vertically: L and R)
Median plane
Which plane divides the body into 2 halves (horizontally: up and down)
Trans-umbilical plane L3 and L4
Abdominal organs include parts of what systems
Digestive,
urinary,
immune,
endocrine
Which part of the pancreas is involved in the digestive system
Exocrine pancreas
Which part of the pancreas is involved in the endocrine system
Endocrine pancreas
The digestive system includes
Stomach, small intestine, large intestine, exocrine pancreas, liver and gallbladder
The urinary system includes
Kidneys and ureters and bladder
Immune system includes
Spleen
What organs are found in the right upper quadrant
Liver: right lobe
Gallbladder
Stomach: pylorus
Duodenum: 1/3
Pancreas: head
Right suprarenal gland
Right kidney
Right hepatic flexors
Ascending colon: superior part
Transverse colon: right half
What organs are found in the left upper quadrant
What organs are found in the right lower quadrant
What organs are found in the left lower quadrant
The abdomen can be further divided into nine regions
The abdomen extends Superiorly to the
4th intercostal space - level of the male nipple
What protects the upper part of the abdomen
Bony thoracic cage
(Xiphoid process and costal margins)
What protects the lower part of the abdomen
Bony pelvis and inguinal ligament
What protects the posterior part of the abdomen
Vertebral column (L1 to L5)
The anterior part in the lateral part of the abdomen is protected by
Muscular wall
