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OSPE > Abdo > Flashcards

Abdo Flashcards

1
Q

Surface joining sacrum to pelvis

A

Ala of sacrum

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2
Q

Point visible on anterior side of pelvic inlet

A

Ischial spine

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3
Q

Point where all 3 bones on pelvis meet

A

Acetabulum

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4
Q

2 lower loops of lower pelvis, what is the hole and the part forming the loop

A

Ischial ramus

Obturator foramen

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5
Q

What bone do you sit on

A

Ischial tuberosity

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6
Q

Ligaments joining iliac crest to vertebrae

A

Iliolumbar
Lumbosacral
Anterior sacro-iliaca ligament

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7
Q

Ligament from ischial spine to sacrum

A

Sacrospinal ligament

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8
Q

Ligament from ischial tuberosity to sacrum

A

Sacrotuberous ligament

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9
Q

Membrane over obturator foramen

A

Obturator foramen

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10
Q

2 foramen formed by sacrospinal ligament

A

Greater and lesser sciatic foramen

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11
Q

Inguinal ligament attaches to?

A

ASIS and pubic tubercle

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12
Q

Position of deep and superficial inguinal rings

A

Deep- midpoint of inguinal ligament

Superficial- superior to pubic tubercle

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13
Q

Differences between male and female pelvic girdle

A

Inlet- round for females and heart shaped for males

Pubic angle- >80 for females, 50-60 for males

Ischial spine- male’s project medially

X-distance from pubic symphysis to acetabulum, Y acetabulum
Males X:Y <1
Females =/>1

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14
Q

9 regions of abdomen

A

R&L hypochondriac, epigastric
R&L lumbar, umbilical
R&L iliac, hypogastric

Divided by 2 MCL
Subcostal
Interrubercular

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15
Q

4 quadrants of abdomen

A

R&L upper
R&L lower

Defined by midline and umbilical plane- between L3 and 4

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16
Q

Trasnpyloric, transtuberular, supracristal plane

A

Transpyloric- L1- 9th CC
Transtubercular- midday between pubic crest and transpyloric plane- L5
Supracristal- top of iliac crest

17
Q

Surface markings of stomach

A

Entry to stomach- 3cm left of midline at 6th CC
Fundus- MCL 5th rib
Exit of stomach- 1-3cm right at transpyloric plane

18
Q

Surface markings of duodenum

A

Superior- 1.5cm long transpylroic plane
Descending- 2.7-10cm ring tof L1-3
Inferior- 4-8cm crossing L3
Ascending- 4.5cm leads to L2

19
Q

Surface marking of appendix and caecum

A

Caecum- triangular area of interrubercular, right MCL and right inguinal ligament
Appendix- root is at mcburneys point- line joining umbilicus to right ASIS- junction of lateral and middle 1/3

20
Q

Surface marking of liver

A

Right 5th rib at MCL
Lower end of sternum
Left 5th ICS at MCL
costal margin at MAL

21
Q

Surface marking of gall bladder

A

Tip of right 9th CC

22
Q

Palpation of the liver

A

Ask patient to breath in deeply

Below right anterior costal margin

23
Q

Surface marking of spleen

A

Lateral border of erector spinae
MAL
Along 9,10,11th ribs

24
Q

Palpation of spleen

A

Not usually palpable

If enlarged can below left anterior costal margin

25
Q

Surface marking of kidney

A 
4-5cm away from midline
Superior poles covered by 12th rib
Inferior pole 3-4cm above iliac crest
Around 9-12cm long
5-7cm broad

Right lower than left

26
Q

Palpation of kidney

A

Subject to lay flat with knee and hips semi flexed to relax abs
Keep one hand under subject’s flank, palm upwards and fingers in renal angle
Other hand palpates in upper quadrant, by pressing down deeply into costal margin

27
Q

Balloting

A

Push kidney up in renal angle- between spine and posterior costal margin
Push in with right hand below anterior costal margin

28
Q

Percussion of the liver

A

Stat at MCL of 3rd ICS

Continue inferiorly until hear a dullness

29
Q

Palpation of pulses

A

Abdominal pulse- above and left of umbilicus

Femoral- inner thigh at mid-inguinal point

30
Q

Dermatones

A

T8 and T9 superior to umbilicus
T10 around umbilicus
T11-L1 to pubic symphysis

31
Q

Area of Pain in GI tract

A

Foregut- epigastric- T7-8
Midgut- umbilicus
Appendicitis- right inguinal
Hindgut- suprapubic- T12-L1-2

OSPE (3 decks)

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