AB L2.2 Helminth treatment

Question 1

Treatment for filarial nematode

Answer 1

Ivermectin

Question 2

How does ivermectin work?

Answer 2

Blocks ion channels - paralysis

Question 3

Treatment for intestinal nematodes

Answer 3

Albendazole/mebendazole

Question 4

How does albendazole/mebendazole work?

Answer 4

Blocks microtubulin assembly and inhibits glucose uptake

Question 5

Treatment for tapeworms

Answer 5

Niclosamide

Question 6

How does niclosamide work?

Answer 6

Uncouples oxidative phosphorylation

Question 7

Is there resistance to most of these drugs?

Answer 7

No

Question 8

Does treatment usually work?

Answer 8

Yes - usually only single dose needed

Question 9

Treatment for roundworms and treadoworms

Answer 9

Piperazine

Question 10

How does piperazine work

Answer 10

Blocks neurotransmitter - paralysis

Question 11

What do we usually give with piperazine?

Answer 11

Laxatives (sennosides)

Question 12

Treatment for flukes and tapeworms?

Answer 12

Praziquantel

Question 13

How does praziquantel work?

Answer 13

Alters Ca - paralysis

Question 14

Helminths are potential therapeutics because?

Answer 14

they are able to modulate the immune system

Question 15

Helminths have investigated as therapeutics in (2)

Answer 15

Allergy and asthma

Question 16

There is an inverse correlation between incidence of …….. and hookworm infection

Answer 16

asthma

Question 17

Treatment seems easy so what is the problem?

Answer 17

People get reinfected - now the focus is more reducing the number of worms around (fewer worms in person, safer disease)

Question 18

Elaphatisis is caused by….

Answer 18

Filarial nematodes

Question 19

What malaria treatment is suitable for a healthy adult travelling to sub saharan africa?

Answer 19

Atovaquone-proguanil

Question 20

Schistosomes usually enter the body through….

Answer 20

infective larvae that penetrate the skin of their host

Question 21

Intestinal helminth infections are usually diagnosed by…

Answer 21

eggs in feces