Aaron: Hematology Flashcards
Polycythemia will have a high or low EPO level?
Low EPO
Elevated Carboxyhemoglobin, elevated hemoglobin, could mean what?
Carbon Monoxide poisoning
High Hemoglobin, normal EPO, and itching after a hot shower means what?
PCV, look at Jak2 mutation
Elevated Hemoglobin, elevated EPO, normal carboxyhemoglobin, negative urinalysis, what should be the next test?
Nocturnal Oximetry, look for OSA, could cause elevated hemoglobin
Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT) has two types, which is the most common one?
Type 2
Type 1 HIT usually arises within 2 days of heparin exposure, what is the low platelet value? What is Type 1 HIT?
100,000 platelets, non-immune mediated platelet clumping, resolves several days after medication is d/c
Warfarin reversal is done in what time frame?
Less than 10 minutes?
12-24 hours?
10 minutes: Prothrombin Complex Concentrate
12-24 hours: Vitamin K
A patient has multiple blood transfusions, a new type and cross reveals no blood match compatibilities, why is this the case?
Alloantibodies
With the presence of CLL, what is the poorest prognostic factor?
Thrombocytopenia
If I am diagnosed with Multiple Myeloma, what is the test to evaluate systemic spread?
Whole body low dose CT scan
Erythroid Hyperplasia
RBC destruction
Ineffective Hematopoiesis
These three things affect what?
Iron Metabolism
Pernicious anemia will have what kind of pathological sampling?
Glandular Atrophy, Intestinal Metaplasia, and inflammation
Doxorubicin can cause cardiotoxicity, what is the test of choice to monitor this problem?
Radionuclide Ventriculography, if EF decreases by 10% stop the medication
What is another name for Leucovorin?
Folinic Acid
What drugs improve Anemia of Chronic Disease in RA patients?
Infliximab
Methotrexate can cause macrocytic anemia, what is lacking B9 or B12?
B9
TTP has what enzyme deficiency?
What is the first treatment step?
ADAMS13 deficiency (bad metalloproteinase)
Plasma Exchange, first problem
Prostate
Small Lung
Hodgkin Lymphoma
Osteolytic or Osteoblastic lesions?
Osteoblastic Lesions
Myeloma
Non-small Lung
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Osteolytic or Osteoblastic lesions?
Osteolytic Lesions
Breast Cancer
Osteolytic or Osteoblastic lesions?
Both
When sorting out Normocytic anemia, what is the first lab test that should be ordered?
Reticulocyte Count
Most common brain tumor cause?
Metastatic Cancer
When Lung Cancer spreads to Supraclavicular lymph nodes and brain, where should the biopsy be taken from?
Supraclavicular lymph nodes, easier access and safer
Most common IVC filter complication, long term?
Recurrent DVTs, the filter does not fix the underlying problem
What is the best eye melanoma treatment?
Radiation therapy
EBV Mono usually enlarges the anterior or posterior lymph nodes?
If the lymph nodes are enlarged for 8+ weeks, what should be done?
Posterior Lymph Nodes
Lymph node biopsy
Uremic patient, increased bleeding, what is the treatment?
Desmopressin, increased vWF, helps platelet function, binding platelets
Cryoprecipitate is used for what and contains what?
Contains fibrinogen, factors 8 and 12, and vWF, helps life threatening bleeding problems 2/2 coagulation problems usually 2/2 platelet dysfunction
What am I?
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
Endopancreatic Tumors
Pituitary Tumors
MEN 1
What am I?
Medullary Thyroid Cancer
Pheochromocytoma
Parathyroid Hyperplasia
MEN 2a
What am I?
Medullary Thyroid Cancer
Pheochromocytoma
Neuromas or Marfans
MEN 2b
Thyroid biopsies should be done for what size tumor?
Greater than 1 cm
