A2: The healthcare sector Flashcards
How is the NHS funded?
Funded by the tax payer and the UK government.
How is private healthcare funded?
Ran by private individuals corporations that charge a fee for services
Give examples of private healthcare
Bupa
Nuffield health
What is the aim of private/non-profit organisations?
Not make money for directors and to provide a benefit for society.
What is primary care?
First contact where patient may be questioned
Give examples of primary care
Dentist
GP
A&E
What is secondary care?
Hospital services where the patient may attend as an inpatient or outpatient.
Give examples of secondary care
GP referral
Cardiology
Oncology
What is tertiary care?
Care that is provided by nursing homes and hospices
Give some features of tertiary care
Long-term
Highly specialist
Used as respite
End of life
Give some features of community health services
Support across a range of needs
Supports those with complex needs
Give the barriers for accessing healthcare services
Socioeconomic
Psychological
Physical
Cultural and language
Geographical
What are some personal factors?
Pre-existing condition
Physical disabilities
Mental health
Learning disabilities
Different ages
Social care needs
Give three apps that’s helps with personal health monitoring
Evergreen life
NHS app
My diabetes, my way
What are the benefits of different developments in technology?
Supports health professionals to manage appointments
Promotes healthier choices by offering information and advice
Supports independent management
Supports work of healthcare professionals.
How does assistive computer technology (CAM/CAD/3D printing) help healthcare?
enables professionals to treat conditions more efficiently
provides solutions and treatments
State benefits of assistive computer technology
Can create health implants and create an exact copy of patients organs
Reduces operation time
3D printing can create prosethetic limbs
Can print surgical instruments
Give some benefits of robotic surgery
Small incision
Less pain
Less damage
Less visible scars
How does artificial technologies support the healthcare sector?
Supports health teams by accessing data across a wider geographical area
Helps professionals stay informed about trends and response to treatment
Supports diagnosis through use of patient data/images
What did William beveridge do?
1942 he wrote the Beverage report that outlined the five evils in society.
When was the NHS founded?
5th July 1948
In 1945, what did Aneurin Bevan bring into force?
NHS act that stated the following:
- everyone entitled to use it
- free at point of use
- based on need rather than ability to pay
In order to meet demands and increasing costs; what has been enforced to help this?
Prescription charges
Limited numbers of IVF
Charges for some dental work
State some potential impacts of future developments
AI - improved triage systems
Technological infrastructure - collaboration across services
Regenerative medicine - restore functions to damaged organs and tissues
Biomarkers - identifying early consent CVD and increased success rate for drug development
Remote care: online clinics and mobile screenings
Patient self-management - personal health monitors
Funding of services - stretched funding due to more people
Private healthcare provision - more users more services
Changes in patient demographics - life expectancy, increase in complex care needs and increase in obesity rates.
Why do we need to adhere to national, organisational and departmental policies?
To protect professionals and patients
What is a departmental policy?
Departmental policy is specific about tasks and work in the department
State the reasons for the importance of adhering to policies
provides standardised care for all patients
Ensures patient safety
Prevent errors
Provides consistency
Promotes health and wellbeing
Ensures safety and wellbeing for practitioners
Give the possible consequences of not following policies
Health and safety risks
Harm to self and others
Termination of employment
Negative medical coverage
Implications for grading and inspection
Deregistration
Potential prosecution
How is the public sector funded?
Paid from taxes
National insurance and government
How is the private sector funded?
By private individuals
Premiums
One-off payments
Government policy
How is the voluntary/charity sector funded?
Donations
Fundraising
Grant funding
Gov policy
What is evidence-based practice?
Evidence based practice is making decisions and providing best standard of care by using all available facts, knowledge, data and statistics.
State how evidence based practice can be applied
Combines research findings with clinical expertise
Assess all findings from research and validity
Draws conclusions and applies findings
Reviews impact of improvement and innovation
