A2 synthesis routes Flashcards by Ruby Shrestha

Q

alkane to haloalkane

A

reagent: halogen
conditions: uv light

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Q

haloalkane to alcohol

A

reagent: NaOH (aq)
conditions:

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Q

alcohol to haloalkane

A

reagents: sodium halide/ H2SO4

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Q

primary alcohol to aldehyde

A

reagent: H+/K2Cr2O7
conditions: distillation

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Q

aldehyde to primary alcohol

A

reagent: NaBH4

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Q

primary alcohol to carboxylic acid

A

reagent: H+/K2Cr2O7
conditions: reflux

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Q

aldehyde to carboxylic acid

A

reagent: H+/K2Cr2O7
conditions: reflux

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Q

carboxylic acid to acyl chloride

A

reagent: SOCl2
conditions:

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Q

acyl chloride to carboxylic acid

A

reagent: cold H2O
conditions:

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Q

haloalkane to nitrile

A

reagent: CN-
conditions: ethanol, reflux

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Q

haloalkane to amine C-NR2

A

reagent: ethanolic ammonia
conditions: heat

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Q

nitrile to amine

A

reagent: H2
conditions: nickel catalyst

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Q

secondary alcohol to ketone

A

reagent: H+/ K2Cr2O7
conditions: reflux

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Q

ketone to secondary alcohol

A

reagent: NaBH4
conditions:

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Q

ketone to hydroxynitrile

A

reagent: NaCN (aq)/H+ (aq)
conditions:

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Q

hydroxynitrile to amine
-OH -C≡N C-NR2

A

reagent: H2
conditions: Ni catalyst

Q

aldehyde to hydroxynitrile

A

reagent: NaCN (aq)/ H+ (aq)
conditions:

Q

nitrile to carboxylic acid

A

reagent: H2O/ HCl
conditions: heat

Q

hydroxynitrile to carboxylic acid

A

reagent: H2O/ HCl
conditions: heat

Q

acyl chloride to primary amide

A

reagent: NH3 (ammonia)
conditions:

Q

acyl chloride to secondary amide

A

reagent: primary amine
conditions:

Q

alkene to alkane

A

reagent: H2
conditions: Ni catalyst

Q

alkene to haloalkane

A

reagent: hydrogen halide
conditions:

Q

alkene to alcohol

A

reagent: steam
conditions: H3PO4

Q

alcohol to alkene

A

reagent: H3PO4 or H2SO4
conditions: heat

Q

alcohol to ester

A

reagent: carboxylic acid/ concentrated H2SO4 or acid anyhydride
conditions:

Q

carboxylic acid to ester

A

reagent: alcohol
conditions: concentrated H2SO4

Q

ester to carboxylic acid

A

reagent: dilute acid
conditions: heat

Q

acyl chloride to ester

A

reagent: alcohol
conditions:

Q

ester to carboxylate

A

reagent: OH-
conditions: heat

Q

A

Q

A