A2 Intellectual development across the life stages Flashcards
What is intellectual development?
It is about how individuals organise their minds, ideas and thoughts to make sense of the world they live in.
what is Physical development ?
learning through the senses by touching, tasting, listening and playing.
what is Cognitive development?
the construction of thought processes, including remembering, problem solving, and decision-making, from childhood through adolescence to adulthood.
what are the 5 Aspects of intellectual development?
language, problem solving, memory, morals and abstract/creativity
who outlined the 4 stages of child development?
jean piaget
what were piaget’s assumptions about nature?
maturation of brain and body; motor skills; crawl walk, the ability to perceive, learn and act
what were piaget’s assumptions about nurture?
adaptation, Children respond to the demands of the environment in ways that meet their own goals. They NEED to learn to survive.
what is the first stage in child development?
sensorimotor stage 0-2yrs
what happens in the sensorimotor stage?
The infant only knows the world via its immediate senses; sight, taste, touch, sound and the (motor) actions it performs.
The infant lacks internal mental schemata and is unable to distinguish between itself and its environment (profound egocentrism)
The infant lacks object permanence – fails to see or act on ‘hidden’ objects
what is the second stage in child development?
Pre-operational stage
2 to 7 years-old
what happens in the pre-operational stage?
Throughout this stage the child’s continues to add to or create new schemas
The child is still dominated by the sensory information it receives and is thus very influenced by the appearance of things; sight
They fail to be able to carry out logical operations and show centration (only focus on one aspect of an object at a time)
what is Lack of Conservation?
the inability to realise that some things remain constant or unchanged despite changes in visible appearance
(water test)
what is the third stage of child development?
Concrete
operational
stage
7 to 11 years-old
what happens in the concrete operational stage?
The child is able to carry out mental operations such as the liquid conserve experiment and de-centre, meaning they generally can see another person’s point of view. The child can complete class inclusion tasks and the three mountains task successfully (overcoming egocentrism) However these operations cannot be carried out in the child’s head – like mental arithmetic, the physical (concrete) presence of the objects being manipulated is needed, for example, counting using beads.
what is fourth stage in child development?
Formal
operational
stage
(Adolescence)