A101.5 Fireground Operations Flashcards
A concept that is described in this Standard Operating Guideline is the ______________ , which occurs when a structure fire’s growth is limited by the available oxygen
ventilation- controlled fire state
The First Priority for scene operations
Life Safety
________ refers to those activities and operations necessary to ensure emergency personnel life safety as well as civilian life safety
Life safety
Fire extinguishment, evacuation of occupants and the search for and rescue of trapped and threatened civilians are integral components of the
life safety priority
The Second Priority
Incident Stabilization
____________ refers to those activities and operations necessary to bring an incident under manageable control
Incident Stabilization
_____________ referstothose activities and operations aimed at reducing property and environmental damage
Property Conservation
_____________ refers to strategies to return public and private sector functions to normal levels.
Societal Restoration
__________ the entire interior of a typical single-family dwelling. However, in a multi-family, commercial, or high-rise structure, this area may only be a portion or a floor of the structure
inside Division
The tactical functions of fire attack, Inside Truck Work, backup lines, overhaul, and secondary search are performed in this area.
Inside Division
The initial tactical assignment of Forcible Entry, Horizontal Ventilation, Primary Search, Checking for Fire Extension, and Salvage.
Inside Truck Work
Staging of resources responding to an initial alarm that have not yet been given an assignment by SOG or Command.
Level 1 Staging
Engines should stage at hydrants close to the scene and all other apparatus should stage in a location that provides the maximum of possible tactical options regarding access and potential positioning.
Level 1 Staging
A centralized staging location used for staging resources at multiple alarm incidents
Level 2 Staging
The tactical functions of Outside Truck Work, exposure protection, water supply, RIC, and defensive operations readiness are performed in this area.
Outside Division
The fireground tactics of Laddering, Horizontal and Vertical Ventilation, Additional Forcible Entry, Utility Control, and Salvage. Any Company may be assigned Outside Truck Work.
Outside Truck Work
An Intervention designed to mitigate against the physical, physiological, and emotional stress of fire fighting in order to sustain a members’ energy, improve performance, and decrease the likelihood of on-scene injury death
Rehab
To place an apparatus at a designated location, perform any needed activities associated with standing by at that location and maintain a state of readiness until an assignment is received
Stage
A fundamental focus on firefighter safety must _________________.
permeate all strategies and the tactic of occupant evacuation must always remain a viable option to address life safety.
All multiple alarm incidents shall have a _____________ as the Incident Commander.
Chief Officer
is the rapid mental evaluation of factors that affect an incident
Size-up
Size-up is a continuous process of evaluating current conditions by
all on scene Officers.
The Incident Commander uses size-up information to
select a strategy , determine tactics, and formulate the Incident Action Plan (IAP)
The preferred method of sizing-up an emergency scene is to perform
a “hot lap.”
is an exterior reconnaissance of the structure, performed while using a TIC, with the main goal of locating the fire, giving the Officer a 360 view of the incident.
A hot Lap
A ________ of a structure fire will allow the Officer to size-up the fire location and size, smoke conditions, building size and layout, possible victim location, as well as other relevant information.
hot lap
When attempting to determine the fire location, the Officer should
read the smoke conditions to identify the seat of the fire, especially if no flames are showing.
When attempting to determine the fire location, the Officer should
read the smoke conditions to identify the seat of the fire, especially if no flames are showing.
the Officer should consider the ventilation method to be utilized and what
flow paths will be created by the opening of doors and/or windows
Size-up should address the following 3 basic questions:
What do I have?
Where is it going?
What can I do to control it?
Initial Radio Report – the report given by the first arriving Officer on a scene.
Assume Command on assigned Tactical Channel
Building Description (stories , construction , occupancy ,roof)
Fire / Smoke Conditions
Strategy(Investigation,Offensive,Defensive)
Tactical assignment and actions being taken (hoseline deployment with intent,
etc.)
Conducting a 360
When needed, assignments for other companies (if not covered by or different
than SOG assignment)
Follow Up Radio Report:
the report given after a 360-degree is done
360 complete/ not complete
Additions or corrections to size up from initial radio report
Actions/directions if different from initial radio report
Entry Report:
the report given before making entry on a fire
a. Entry location
b. Heat conditions (evaluated with a TIC)
c. Smoke/visibility conditions
d. Two-In / Two-Out compliance (or reason for not)
If the decision is made to place a firefighter in a ventilation-controlled environment due to an imminent threat to life, the firefighter must
close an interior door to prevent the creation of a flow path from the fire toward the firefighters’ entry point.
On the occasion that an Engine is assigned an aerial apparatus tactical function, the Engine should
position near but not blocking the scene so that their tank water can be utilized if needed.
___________ will be used to assign the appropriate tactics and establish a command structure
mode of operation
___________ will be used to assign the appropriate tactics and establish a command structure
mode of operation
A _________ before interior entry can significantly reduce the risk to firefighters and any potential victims.
blitz attack
A _________ before interior entry can significantly reduce the risk to firefighters and any potential victims.
blitz attack
he main reason for the second pumping apparatus responding directly to the scene is to
position the backup team early in the incident for firefighter Safety.
The secondary reason the second engine responds to the scene is to
set up as a dedicated RIC Engine
The second pumping apparatus operator’s primary responsibility is to
ensure an adequate water supply to the first pumping apparatus and the dedicated RIC Engine
_________ are conducted when the risk/benefit analysis indicates that unacceptable risks to firefighters would result from offensive operations.
Defensive Operations
___________ are primarily characterized by exterior activities to confine and extinguish the fire, which are not necessarily passive but are designed to minimize risk to personnel
defensive operations
depending on circumstances, certain tactics used in the defensive mode may require
entry into the structure such as VEIS and cut-off line placement
Defensive strategies should focus on personnel __________________.
safety and incident stabilization.
Consideration for positioning apparatus outside of the collapse zone should be conducted before
LDH lines are laid and charged.
Defensive mode:
The second pumping apparatus should respond to the scene and prepare to
establish a large flow water supply
The first Captain on scene of a defensive fire attack will ensure that the primary tactical functions of ______________.
exposure protection and water supply are assigned
Achieving the necessary ________ is a high priority at a defensive fire
fire flow
The Company Officer must always be accountable for the location of all
assigned firefighters
Tactical/Task Benchmarks:
The companies and teams must provide information to the Officer issuing the assignment that should be
i.Assumption or acknowledgment of assignment
ii. Completion of assignment
iii. Inability to complete assignment
iv. Any significant delay in completing assignment
v. The need for more resources to complete an assignment.
Command Benchmarks:
Life Safety (Firefighter)
Life Safety (Civilian)
Incident Stabilization
Property Conservation
Command Benchmarks:
Life Safety (Firefighter)
Outside Team Established
Entry Size-Up
Backup Team Established
RIC Team Established
Safety Officer Assigned
Command Benchmarks:
Life Safety (Civilian)
Primary Search Complete
Secondary Search Complete
Command Benchmarks:
Incident Stabilization
Fire Knocked Down
Fire Under Control
Fire Extinguished
initial fire stream is applied to the main body of fire significantly reducing the flame and heat production
Fire Knocked Down
When the forward progress of the fire is stopped, no additional units will be required and there is no imminent danger to firefighters.
Fire Under Control
When overhaul / extension search has confirmed that all fire is extinguished
Fire Extinguished
Command Benchmarks:
Property Conservation
Salvage Complete
When property damage from the fire and/or fire control activities is complete and loss is stopped
Salvage Complete
Tactical Assignments
Option 1:
Resources arriving on scene of a structure fire incident assume assignments as directed by SOG based on the structure type and strategy declared by Command (Investigation, Offensive, or Defensive).
Tactical Assignments
Option 2:
Resources arriving on scene of a structure fire incident assume assignments as directed by SOG based on the structure type and strategy declared by Command (Investigation, Offensive, or Defensive). However, Command may modify or change some of the SOG assignments based on the needs of the specific incident as long as the deviations are justifiable and communicated.
Tactical Assignments
Option 3:
if Command determines that due to the response plan, response times, incident circumstances, etc., that the SOG assignments are not the appropriate assignments for the incident, Command may direct incoming units to Level 1 Stage. The first pumping apparatus, the first aerial apparatus or Rescue unit and the first Chief Officer should still proceed to the scene. All other responding units should Level 1 Stage as directed by Command until given an assignment. .
Whenever possible and timely , initial fire attack should be made on the fire from the
exterior, followed by entry for an interior attack.
Hose line selection should be adequate for the particular strategy and tactic employed. For a hose line to be considered adequate, it must have
the length and flow capabilities that are required
The primary goal of the blitz attack is to
hold the fire in check so that an interior attack can be made under more tenable conditions.
The primary goal of the blitz attack is to
hold the fire in check so that an interior attack can be made under more tenable conditions.
Another application of the ______________ involves ricocheting a solid or straight stream of water off an object (wall, ceiling and furnishings) onto the seat of the fire or superheated area above a fire
direct attack
An advantage of the ___________ is the lessened property damage from excessive water and the preservation of the scene for investigative purposes.
indirect fog attack
Inside Truck Work
Forcible Entry
Horizontal Ventilation
Primary Search
Check for Fire Extension
Salvage
Outside Truck Work
Laddering the Building
Vertical Ventilation
Additional Forcible Entry
Additional Horizontal Ventilation
Utility Control
Salvage
The Officer of the backup team should determine if the hose line should be charged prior to ___________
entry or after advancement to the desired location within the structure.
As long as the _________ personnel are in place, the backup team may position inside the IDLH atmosphere, if this will best protect firefighters
outside team
Protection of the ____________ should be a high priority, especially when search teams are above the fire floor without a hose line.
interior stairways
Fire Flow =
the area involved (length x width) divided by three, multiplied by the number of involved floors.
For each exposure, add 25%
At structure fires ,if the fire is quickly knocked down by one fire attack hose line and the backup team is in place outside the IDLH atmosphere, the backup team may serve as __________.
the RIC team
If a company is assigned On-Deck when there is no responsible Supervisor, ________ must maintain accountability for that company, preferably by keeping the On-Deck company near and in view of the Command Post.
Command
